锻压技术

圆管铝型材挤压模具失效分析及其热处理工艺优化

英文标题：Failure analysis of extrusion die and optimization of heat treatment process for aluminum alloy circular tube

作者：徐永礼黄双健庞祖高王玉文韦世宝

分类号：TG162.4

出版年,卷(期):页码：2015,40(2):116-122

摘要：

采用残骸分析法研究H13钢圆管铝型材挤压模具失效的凸模发现，分流桥脆性开裂的主要原因是热处理不当，并用正交试验法对热处理工艺参数进行优化。结果表明：经过优化工艺热处理后，退火态组织为颗粒状渗碳体弥散在铁素体上的球状珠光体，淬火态组织为细针马氏体+残余奥氏体+剩余碳化物，回火态组织为碳化物颗粒细小、分布均匀的回火屈氏体+回火马氏体+残余渗碳体，材料的各项力学性能为：抗拉强度为1549 MPa、屈服强度为1420 MPa、冲击韧性为34.7 J·cm-2、伸长率为15.2%、断面收缩率为36.7%和硬度为49.6 HRC，为避免模具脆性开裂失效提供了良好的金相组织和力学性能保证。

By wreckage analysis method, a study on the failure punch of H13 steel circular tube aluminum alloy after extrusion was carried out. It is found that improper heat treatment condition causes the shunt bridge cracking. And the parameters of heat treatment process were optimized by orthogonal experiment. The results show that after optimizing the heat treatment process, annealed microstructure is spheroidal pearlite of granular cementite dispersing on ferrite, quenched microstructure is needle-type martensite+ residual austenite + remaining carbides, and tempered microstructure is tempered troostite with uniform distribution of fine carbide particles + tempered martensite + residual cementite. The mechanical properties of materials, such as tensile strength, yield strength, impact toughness, elongation, reduction rate of cross section and hardness of the material, are 1549 MPa,1420 MPa, 34.7 J·cm-2 ,15.2%,36.7%, and 49.6 HRC respectively. A good metallographic structure and mechanical properties are obtained to avoid brittle cracking in the die.

基金项目：

广西自然科学基金资助项目（2013GXNSFAA019303)；广西有色金属及特色材料加工重点实验室开放课题基金项目（GXKFJ12-04）

徐永礼(1956-)，男，学士，副教授黄双健（1991-），男，硕士研究生

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