锻压技术

汽车空心半轴的精锻工艺及显微组织研究

英文标题：Research on precision forging process and microstructure of automobile hollow semi-axle

单位：重庆理工大学汽车零部件先进制造技术教育部重点实验室重庆市模具技术重点实验室重庆市建设工业集团有限责任公司

关键词：空心半轴精锻显微组织

分类号：TG316

出版年,卷(期):页码：2016,41(3):9-12

摘要：

研究了25CrMo4钢汽车空心半轴的精锻工艺步骤和显微组织。研究结果表明：通过精密旋锻工艺成形的全空心汽车半轴的材料流动合理，内外表面均比较光滑，变径处过渡平滑，无明显折叠现象。与传统汽车实心半轴相比，精锻的汽车空心半轴每件产品节约材料30％以上；管料经精锻变形后，横截面上晶粒发生扭曲，纵向晶粒变成纤维状；空心半轴热处理后，表面获得了回火马氏体和粒状碳化物，心部的组织为板条马氏体，不仅保证了产品表面的高硬度和良好耐磨性，同时也确保了心部具有较高的强韧性。经检测，旋锻成形的全空心汽车半轴的低载疲劳、高载疲劳和静扭强度等各项指标均达到汽车半轴使用要求。

The precision forging process step and microstructure of hollow semi-axle of the steel 25CrMo4 automobile were investigated. The results show that the material of automobile hollow semi-axle flows reasonably after forming by precision rotary forging technology，both inner and outer surfaces are relatively smooth with a smooth transition of changing diameter，and there is no folding phenomenon. Compared with the traditional automobile solid semi-axle, each workpiece can save about 30% of the raw materials. After the workpiece is formed by precision rotary forging, distortions of grains occur on the cross section, and longitudinal grains deform to fibrous. Then, after heat treatment, the surface of hollow semi-axle obtains tempered martensite and granular carbide，but the heart is lath martensite. Therefore, the surface of the workpiece is of high hardness and good wear resistance, and its center section is of high strength and toughness. Finally, the low load fatigue, high load fatigue and static torsional strength and other properties of hollow semi-axle can reach the requirements of automobile semi-axes after testing.

基金项目：

重庆市科委攻关项目（cstc2014yykfB60004）;重庆市巴南区科技项目（2015TJ08）；重庆市模具技术重点实验室开放基金（2015TD19）

周志明（1976-），男，博士，教授

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