锻压技术

201不锈钢形变诱发马氏体相变特性

英文标题：Research on the properties of transformation induced by martensite deformation of stainless steel 201

作者：张豪夏琴香方铭周驰

分类号：TG141

出版年,卷(期):页码：2017,42(1):105-111

摘要：

201不锈钢塑性变形过程中会发生马氏体相变，相变改变了材料力学性能，使201不锈钢拉深成形后易产生时效开裂现象。为探明201不锈钢因马氏体相变导致的时效开裂原因，通过单向拉伸试验，研究了201不锈钢马氏体相变特性、温度和应变速率对马氏体相变的影响规律。结果表明：马氏体相变量随拉伸变形量的增加而增加；增加变形温度与应变速率，均会抑制马氏体相变；当温度达到100 ℃时，不再有相变发生；在同一温度下，随应变速率的增大，屈服强度和屈强比均增大，伸长率减小；但因马氏体相变，201不锈钢在50 ℃以下和100 ℃以上的抗拉强度表现出相反的变化规律；在不同温度下，201不锈钢在应变速率为0.001 s-1时的塑性变形能力最好。

Martensitic transformation occurs during the plastic deformation of stainless steel 201, changes the mechanical properties of material and leads stainless steel 201 to become aging cracking after deep drawing. In order to find out the reason of aging cracking induced by martensitic transformation for stainless steel 201, the influences of martensitic transformation characteristics, temperature and strain rate on martensitic transformation were mainly studied by uniaxial tensile test. The results show that martensitic transformation increases with the increase of strain, and the increase of deformation temperature and strain rate suppress the martensitic transformation. When the deformation temperature is up to 100 ℃, there will be no longer martensitic transformation. At the same temperature, the yield strength and yield ratio increase, while the elongation decreases with the increase of strain rate. Due to martensitic transformation, the material tensile strength shows an opposite variation below 50 ℃and above 100 ℃. Therefore, the best plasticity of stainless steel 201 is at the strain rate of 0.001 s-1 at different temperatures.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金资助项目（51375172）；广东省自然科学基金资助项目（2016A030313519）

张豪（1991-），男，硕士研究生 E-mail：460278249@qq.com 通讯作者: 夏琴香(1964-),女，博士,教授 E-mail：meqxxia@scut.edu.cn

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