锻压技术

Al-Mg-Si系铝合金不同变形条件下的组织力学行为

英文标题：Microstructure and mechanical property of aluminum alloy Al-Mg-Si under different deformation conditions

作者：郭端路黄江华陆辛

单位：机械科学研究总院

分类号：TG304

出版年,卷(期):页码：2017,42(5):141-146

摘要：

对6014铝合金进行了常温拉深试验，采用不同的拉深凸模速度，研究了该铝合金变形中的组织力学行为；对6016铝合金进行热拉伸试验，相同应变速率下采用不同的拉伸温度，研究了该铝合金在热拉伸过程中的组织力学行为。实验表明：随着凸模速度（10~30 mm·min-1）增加，6014铝合金的常温拉深深度增大；随着拉伸温度（400~550 ℃）升高，6016铝合金的硬度增大，且沿拉伸轴向硬度值波动越大；在应变速率为1 s-1、温度为500 ℃下热拉伸，变形区有明显的动态再结晶过程，进一步升高温度会造成再结晶组织的晶粒粗化；6014和6016铝合金中均存在大量的Al、Fe、Si结晶相，但原始组织中6016的析出相更弥散，尺寸大小更均匀，更集中分布于晶界附近；比较6014铝合金常温拉深组织和6016铝合金热拉伸组织，冷变形后的晶粒组织更均匀，热拉伸后的晶粒尺寸差异很大，会降低材料变形后的力学性能。

The deep drawing test of aluminum alloy 6014 at room temperature was carried out under different punch velocities, and its microstructure and mechanical property were studied in the deformation. Then, the hot stretching test for aluminum alloy 6016 was conducted, and its microstructure and mechanical property were studied at different temperatures with the same strain rate. The experimental results show that the drawing height increases with the increase of punch velocity (10-30 mm·min-1) for the former, while for the latter, the material hardness increases with the increase of stretching temperature （400-550 ℃）, and there is greater hardness value fluctuation along the stretching axis. However, the dynamic recrystallization process occurs obviously under the condition of stain rate of 1 s-1 and temperature of 500 ℃,and increasing temperature causes grain growth coarsening. Furthermore, there are a large number of (AlFeSi) crystalline phase in the two kinds of aluminum alloy of 6014 and 6016. Especially, it is more dispersion, uniform and concentrated near the grain boundary in the original microstructure for aluminum alloy 6016. Comparing the microstructures between the room temperature deep drawing aluminum alloy 6014 and the hot tension aluminum alloy 6016 room temperature, the former is more homogeneous, and the latter is of great diversity for grain size so as to decrease the material mechanical properties.

基金项目：

国家科技重大专项“高档数控机床与基础制造装备”（2014ZX04002）

郭端路（1991-），男，硕士研究生陆辛（1957-），男，博士，研究员

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