锻压技术

基于机器视觉的锥形旋压件起皱缺陷在线检测方法

英文标题：On-line detection method for wrinkling defect of conical spinning parts based on machine vision

作者：李永婷夏琴香肖刚锋程秀全

分类号：TP391.4

出版年,卷(期):页码：2019,44(1):134-141

摘要：

获取成形缺陷的快速、准确在线检测方法是实现旋压成形智能化的基础。通过对起皱特征和图像识别流程进行研究，提出了一种基于机器视觉的起皱缺陷在线检测方法，并将其应用于锥形件剪切旋压成形过程起皱缺陷的在线检测。构建旋压成形图像在线采集系统，实现成形时旋压件图像的实时获取；利用Halcon软件对图像进行ROI提取、直方图均衡化等预处理，能够获得高对比度的清晰图像；通过Otsu法改进传统Canny边缘检测算法，实现了根据图像梯度自动确定高低阈值，准确地提取出锥形件的图像轮廓。以锥形旋压件起皱后口部轮廓波纹个数及大小为特征，设计了起皱缺陷识别算法，成功检测出锥形件起皱缺陷；并通过剪切旋压实验进行起皱识别算法的可靠性验证。实验结果表明，该方法可以准确、快速地检测出起皱缺陷，平均响应时间为0.225 s，能够满足实时检测的要求。

Fast and accurate online detection method of forming defects is the basis to realize intelligence of spinning. Based on machine vision, an on-line detection method of wrinkling defect was proposed by studying the wrinkling characteristics and image detection process, and the method was applied to on-line detection of wrinkling defect during shear spinning process of conical parts. Then, the on-line image acquisition system of spinning was constructed, and the real-time images of spinning parts during forming were acquired. Furthermore, the images were pre-processed by Halcon software, including ROI extraction and histogram equalization, and high-contrast and clear images were obtained. Finally, the traditional Canny edge detection algorithm was improved by Otsu method, the high and low thresholds of images were determined automatically according to image gradient, and the image contours of conical parts were extracted accurately. According to the number and size of ripples at the outline of mouth after wrinkling of conical spinning parts, the detection algorithm of wrinkling defect was designed, and the wrinkling defects of conical parts were detected successfully. Meanwhile, the reliability of wrinkling detection algorithm was verified by shear spinning experiment. The results show that the wrinkling defect can be detected accurately and fast by the proposed method, and the whole detection process takes 0.225 s on average, which can satisfy the demand of online detection.

基金项目：

广东省自然科学基金博士启动纵向协同项目(2017BQ019)；国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51705159)；中国博士后科学基金项目(2017M622678)

李永婷(1994-)，女，硕士研究生，E-mail：1072690167@qq.com；通讯作者：夏琴香(1964-)，女，博士，教授，E-mail:meqxxia@scut.edu.cn

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