锻压技术

6016铝合金板材微观组织及力学性能的试验研究

英文标题：Experimental study on microstructure and mechanical properties of 6016 aluminum alloy sheet

作者：汪建强郭丽丽李永兵

单位：（1.大连交通大学材料科学与工程学院连续挤压工程研究中心辽宁大连 116028 2.北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司北京 100083）

分类号：TG146.2+1

出版年,卷(期):页码：2019,44(2):159-166

摘要：

采用金相显微镜（OM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和拉伸试验等分析检测方法，研究了6016铝合金板材和冷冲压成形后的汽车B柱零件的微观组织和力学性能。结果表明：在0°，45°和90°方向上，汽车B柱侧壁的伸长率和应变硬化指数n与原材料相比有显著降低，在冲压成形过程中产生了加工硬化，其塑性和应变硬化效果降低；汽车B柱侧壁沿垂直方向的大变形使各向异性明显增加；汽车B柱大变形区有大量的位错累积，产生位错缠结现象，位错密度显著高于未变形区。6016铝合金板材在冲压成形后第二相粒子尺寸减小，弥散强化的作用明显，力学性能发生变化。

Microstructures and mechanical properties of 6016 aluminum alloy sheet and automobile B column parts after cold stamping were investigated by optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), tensile test and other analytical methods. The results show that the elongation and strain hardening index n of side wall of automotive B column in 0°, 45° and 90° directions are significantly lower than that of the initial material, which has workhardening during the stamping process, and the plasticity and the strain hardening effect are reduced. The anisotropy increases significantly caused by the large deformation of side wall of automotive B column in the vertical direction. The large deformation zone of automotive B column has a large number of dislocation accumulation and dislocation tangle, and the dislocation density is significantly higher than that of the undeformed zone. After stamping of 6016 aluminum alloy sheet, the size of the second phase particles decreases, the effect of dispersion strengthening is notable, and the mechanical properties are changed.

基金项目：

基金项目:国家科技重大专项（2014ZX04002-071）

作者简介：汪建强(1992-), 男, 硕士研究生 Email：18842665304@163.com 通讯作者：郭丽丽(1974-), 女,博士, 副教授 Email：guolili@djtu.edu.cn

参考文献：

［1］汪文奇. 汽车冲压领域的新材料及新工艺
［J］.模具制造, 2012，(1):62-66.

Wang W Q. New materials and new technology in automotive stamping field
［J］. Die & Mould Manufacture, 2012,(1):62-66.

［2］李言波, 刁可山, 路旭,等. 汽车覆盖件用6016铝合金板高应变速率敏感性试验研究
［J］. 锻压技术, 2016, 41(9):121-125.

Li Y B, Diao K S, Lu X, et al. Experimental study on high strain rate sensitivity of aluminum alloy sheets 6016 used in automobile panels
［J］. Forging & Stamping Technology, 2016, 41(9):121-125.

［3］Lee C J, Kim J Y, Lee S K, et al. Parametric study on mechanical clinching process for joining aluminum alloy and highstrength steel sheets
［J］. Journal of Mechanical Science & Technology, 2010, 24(1):123-126.

［4］朱则刚. 铝合金复合材料在汽车轻量化上的应用
［J］. 轻金属, 2011,(10):3-6.

Zhu Z G. The application of aluminum alloy composites in lightweight automotive
［J］. Light Metals, 2011,(10):3-6.

［5］李冰峰. 浅谈汽车车身用铝板带的生产
［J］. 有色金属加工, 2012, 41(4):22-24.

Li B F. Discussion on production of aluminum sheet and strip used for automobile body
［J］. Nonferrous Metals Processing, 2012, 41(4):22-24.

［6］邹京滨, 王祝堂. 汽车车身铝合金薄板概要
［J］. 轻合金加工技术, 2016, 44(6):1-6.

Zou J B, Wang Z T. Outline on auto body sheets of aluminum alloy
［J］. Light Alloy Fabrication Technology, 2016, 44(6):1-6.

［7］刘凤芝. 大塑性变形对6016铝合金组织晶粒细化及力学性能的影响规律研究
［D］. 重庆：重庆交通大学, 2016.

Liu F Z. The Research on Refining Rules and Properties of Severe Plastic Deformation 6016 Aluminum Alloy
［D］. Chongqing：Chongqing Jiaotong University, 2016.

［8］康学良, 金自力, 任慧平,等. 铸态6016铝合金组织及第二相研究
［J］. 内蒙古科技大学学报, 2016, 35(1):28-31.

Kang X L, Jin Z L, Ren H P, et al. Research on microstructure and second phases in 6016 aluminum alloy
［J］. Journal of Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, 2016, 35(1):28-31.

［9］文章. 汽车用6000系铝合金板材成形性能研究
［D］. 重庆：重庆大学, 2016.

Wen Z. Study on Formability of 6000 Series Aluminum Alloy Sheet for Autobody
［D］. Chongqing:Chongqing University, 2016.

［10］Kumar M, Sotirov N, Grabner F, et al. Cryogenic forming behaviour of AW6016T4 sheet
［J］. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2017, 27(6):1257-1263.

［11］Kuwabara T, Mori T, Asano M, et al. Material modeling of 6016O and 6016T4 aluminum alloy sheets and application to hole expansion forming simulation
［J］. International Journal of Plasticity, 2016,93(6):164-186.

［12］GB/T 16865—2013, 变形铝、镁及其合金加工制品拉伸试验用试样及方法
［S］.

GB/T 16865—2013, Test pieces and method for tensile test for wrought aluminium and magnesium alloys products
［S］.

［13］GB/T 5027—2007, 金属材料薄板和薄带塑性应变比（r值）的测定
［S］.

GB/T 5027—2007, Metallic materials—Sheet and strip—Determination of plastic strain ration
［S］.

［14］汪建强, 郭丽丽, 李永兵, 等. 6016铝合金板材室温成形性及其数值模拟
［J］. 塑性工程学报, 2018, 25 (2):43-51.

Wang J Q, Guo L L, Li Y B, et al. Formability and numerical simulations of 6016 aluminum alloy sheet at room temperature
［J］. Journal of Plasticity Engineering, 2018, 25 (2):43-51.

［15］苏剑. 冷轧前热处理对6016铝合金组织和力学性能的影响
［D］. 长沙：湖南大学, 2016.

Su J. Effect of Heat Treatments before Cold Rolling on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 6016 Aluminum Alloy
［D］.Changsha:Hunan University, 2016.

［16］朱浩. 车用铝合金变形损伤和断裂机理研究与材料表征及有限元模拟
［D］. 兰州：兰州理工大学, 2008.

Zhu H. Study on Deformation Damage and Fracture Mechanism and Materials Characterization for Automotive with FEM Simulation
［D］. Lanzhou:Lanzhou University of Technology, 2008.

［17］Li F, Shi W, Bian N, et al. Effect of accumulative strain on grain refinement and strengthening of ZM6 magnesium alloy during continuous variable crosssection direct extrusion
［J］. Acta Metallurgical Sinisa:English Letters, 2015, 28(5):649-655.

［18］张永皞, 张志清, 林林. 3xxx系罐身铝合金第二相及其对加工过程的影响研究进展
［J］. 材料导报, 2012, 26(13):101-108.

Zhang Y H, Zhang Z Q, Lin L. Research progress of secondphases in 3xxx can body aluminum alloys and their effects on manufacturing
［J］. Materials Review, 2012, 26(13):101-108.

［19］张克龙. 6016铝合金车身用板材工艺过程的组织和织构演变研究
［D］. 重庆：重庆交通大学, 2015.

Zhang K L. Study on the Microstructure and Texture of the 6016 Aluminum Alloy Body Sheet during the Processing Procedures
［D］. Chongqing:Chongqing Jiaotong University, 2015.

［20］冯银成. 6061铝合金热变形及时效过程中的组织力学行为研究
［D］. 长沙：湖南大学, 2010.

Feng Y C. Study on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of 6061 Aluminum Alloy during Hot Deformation and Aging
［D］. Changsha:Hunan University, 2010.

［21］Murray J L. The AlZn (aluminumzinc) system
［J］. Bulletin of Alloy Phase Diagrams, 1983, 4(1):55-73.

［22］曾渝. 6005A铝合金成分优化及铸锭组织性能研究
［D］. 长沙：中南大学, 2001.

Zeng Y. Optimization of Composition of 6005a Aluminum Alloy and Study on Microstructure and Properties of Ingot
［D］. Changsha:Central South University, 2001.

服务与反馈：

【本网站尚未开通全文下载服务】【加入收藏】