锻压技术

锻造工艺对易切削钢中硫化锰及力学性能的影响

英文标题：Influence of forging process on manganese sulfide and mechanical properties for free cutting steel

作者：王英虎

单位：成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司集团研究院有限公司海洋装备用金属材料及其应用国家重点试验室

分类号：TG316.4

出版年,卷(期):页码：2021,46(5):12-18

摘要：

采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和ASPEX扫描电镜-能谱仪等方法，研究了锻造工艺对易切削钢中硫化锰形貌、长宽比、尺寸、最大弦长、数量及其力学性能的影响。研究结果表明：铸态试验钢中的硫化锰呈近似球形或纺锤形，大部分硫化锰在基体内任意分布，少量硫化锰沿晶界呈链状分布；锻态试验钢中的硫化锰沿着锻造方向伸长，与铸态试验钢相比，其长宽比与最大弦长增大、尺寸减小、单位面积内数量增加。铸态试验钢拉伸断口的主要特征为解理台阶与河流花样，断裂方式为脆性断裂；锻态试验钢的拉伸断口为解理和韧窝混合型形貌，断裂方式为韧性断裂。锻态试验钢的抗拉强度、屈服强度、断后伸长率、断面收缩率及冲击韧性与铸态试验钢相比均有明显改善。

The influences of forging process on morphology, aspect ratio, sizes, the maximum chord length, content and mechanical properties of manganese sulfide in free cutting steel were studied by OM, SEM, ASPEX SEM-EDS etc. The results show that the manganese sulfide in the as-cast test steel is approximately spherical or spindle-shaped, most of manganese sulfide is distributed arbitrarily in the matrix, and a small amount of manganese sulfide is distributed in chains along the grain boundary. Furthermore, the manganese sulfide in the forged test steel elongates along the forging direction, and compared with the as-cast test steel, its aspect ratio and the maximum chord length increase, the sizes decrease, and the content per unit area increases. In addition, the tensile fracture of as-cast test steel is mainly characterized by cleavage steps and river pattern, and the fracture mode is brittle fracture, while the tensile fracture of forged test steel is a mixed cleavage and dimple morphology, and the fracture mode is ductile fracture. Finally, the tensile strength, yield strength, elongation after fracture, reduction of area and impact toughness of the forged test steel are obviously improved compared with those of the as-cast test steel.

基金项目：

王英虎（1992-），男，硕士，工程师 E-mail：hihihowareyou@163.com

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