锻压技术

奥氏体不锈钢的高温氧化行为

英文标题：High temperature oxidation behaviour for austenitic stainless steel

作者：张志红刘洁张孝元尉丰婵

单位：晋中信息学院

分类号：TG407

出版年,卷(期):页码：2021,46(7):214-220

摘要：

奥氏体不锈钢被广泛应用在工业、装修、食品、医疗机械等领域，具有良好的耐腐蚀性、耐高温性等。然而，在高温加热过程中，奥氏体不锈钢表面形成的氧化皮会造成钢板产生局部裂纹，影响钢的表面质量。对奥氏体不锈钢进行了高温氧化行为的研究，采用扫描电镜SEM、能谱分析仪EDS和X射线衍射仪XRD观察了钢表面氧化皮在加热和热轧条件下的演变过程。结果表明：在600 ℃时，奥氏体不锈钢表面会形成薄而致密的Cr2O3氧化层；随着温度的升高，钢表面逐渐形成了均匀的双层氧化层，且随时间的增加而增厚；在1250 ℃时，上层的氧化皮Fe3O4容易脱落，与基体分层,下层与基体结合紧密的氧化皮主要为FeO与Cr2O3和含Si元素形成的尖晶石氧化物。而轧制过程中，单层氧化皮脱落后，经过循环氧化破坏，基体表面为破碎块状组织，此时的氧化皮主要由铁的氧化物、Cr2O3沉淀以及FeCr2O4组成。

Austenitic stainless steel is widely used in industry, decoration, food, medical machinery and other fields, and has good corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, etc. However, the oxide scale formed on the surface of austenitic stainless steel causes local cracks in the steel plate and affects the surface quality of steel during the high temperature heating process. Therefore, the high temperature oxidation behavior of austenitic stainless steel was studied, and the evolution processes of the oxide scale on the steel surface under the heating and hot rolling conditions were observed by SEM, EDS and XRD. The results show that when the temperature is 600 ℃,a thin and dense Cr2O3 oxide layer is formed on the surface of austenitic stainless steel, and with the increasing of temperature, a uniform double-layer oxide layer gradually formes on the surface of steel and thickens over time. However, when the temperature is 1250 ℃,the upper oxide scale Fe3O4 is easy to fall off and layers with the substrate, and the oxide scale with the lower layer and the substrate tightly combined is mainly composed of FeO, Cr2O3 and spinel oxide containing Si element. Furthermore, in the rolling process, the surface of the substrate undergoes cyclic oxidation and is destroyed into a broken block structure after the single layer of oxide scale falls off, and the oxide scale is mainly composed of iron oxide, Cr2O3 precipitation and FeCr2O4.

基金项目：

2020年山西省高等学校教学改革创新项目（J2020457）

作者简介：张志红（1985-），女，硕士，讲师，E-mail：574055042@qq.com

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