锻压技术

6014铝合金U形件弯曲回弹

英文标题：Bending springback of U-shaped part for 6014 aluminum alloy

单位：1. 南昌工程学院 2. 北京机电研究所有限公司 3. 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司

分类号：TG146.21

出版年,卷(期):页码：2021,46(10):88-92

摘要：

为了控制并减小6014铝合金U形件冲压过程中的回弹现象、提高成形件的强度和力学性能，对6014铝合金试样进行了弯曲实验，对弯曲后的试样进行时效处理并对其进行分析。弯曲实验研究了板料初始温度、模具工作温度、压边力、弯曲后保压时间4个工艺参数对回弹的影响。实验结果表明，影响回弹的主要因素是成形过程中的板料初始温度和模具工作温度，温度越高，回弹越小。通过逐步回归分析得到回弹量θ和板料初始温度T1、模具工作温度T2的关系为θ=5.52206-0.00832T1-0.00231T2。分析发现，热冲压成形试样与常温成形试样的硬度相差不大，均与原始板材T4态相近。经过时效处理后，热冲压与常温成形试样的硬度均有提高，但前者的提高幅度更大，经过热冲压-时效处理的成形件的强度更高。热冲压-时效后的成形件的力学性能相比于T4态板材稍有降低。

In order to control and reduce the springback phenomenon in the stamping process of U-shaped part for 6014 aluminum alloy and improve the strength and mechanical properties of formed part, the bending experiment of 6014 aluminum alloy samples was carried out, and the aging treatment of bended samples was carried out and then analyzed. The influences of blank initial temperature, die working temperature, blank holder force and holding time after bending on springback were investigated in the bending experiment. The results show that the main factors affecting the springback are blank initial temperature and die working temperature in the forming process, and the springback decreases as the temperature rises. Through stepwise regression analysis, the relationship among springback amount θ, blank initial temperature T1 and die working temperature T2 is θ=5.52206-0.00832T1-0.00231T2. By analyzing the samples, it is found that the hardness of hot stamping sample is not much different from the hardness of formed sample at room temperature, and both are similar to the T4 state of original sheet. However, after aging treatment, the hardnesses of hot stamping sample and formed sample at room temperature are both improved, and the former has a great increase. Furthermore, the formed sample after hot stamping and aging treatment has higher hardness, and its mechanical properties are slightly lower than that of the T4 state sheet.

基金项目：

国家重大科技专项(2014ZX04002-071)；江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ201903)

作者简介：沈智（1980-），男，博士，工程师，讲师 E-mail：nickshen009@163.com

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