锻压技术

LF21铝合金盒型零件充液拉深成形极限

英文标题：Forming limit of LF21 aluminum alloy box-shaped part by hydrodynamic deep drawing

分类号：TG359

出版年,卷(期):页码：2021,46(11):160-167

摘要：

通过刚性拉深和充液拉深对比试验，研究LF21（3A21）铝合金材料的拉伸极限，解决深盒型零件成形困难的问题。对LF21（3A21）铝合金材料的力学性能及成形工艺进行分析，基于有限元分析，使用试验设备对板料进行拉深试验，使用有限元分析并计算得到LF21铝合金薄壁板的成形极限云图和板料减薄云图，通过所得云图和计算结果以及进一步实践验证得出两者之间的误差，同时进行刚性拉深对比试验，为最后计算零件的拉深比提供了依据，为航空航天飞行器的轻量化研究提供了可靠的技术支持和保证。最后得出厚度为1.8 mm的LF21铝合金材料的充液拉深一次成形的极限拉深比为3.32，为该材料拉深零件的成形方案提供了技术参考。

The tensile limit of LF21 (3A21) aluminum alloy material was studied by the comparative test of rigid deep drawing and hydrodynamic deep drawing, and the problem of difficulty in forming deep box-shaped parts was solved. Then, the mechanical properties and forming process of LF21 (3A21) aluminum alloy material were analyzed, and based on the finite element analysis, the drawing experiments were carried out on sheet metal by the experimental equipment. Furthermore, the forming limit diagram (FLC) and sheet metal thinning nephogram of LF21 aluminum alloy thin-walled sheet were obtained by finite element analysis and calculation, and the error of the two was obtained through the obtained nephogram, calculation results and further practical verification. At the same time, the rigid drawing comparison test was conducted, which provided a basis for the final calculation of the drawing ratio of part, which provides reliable technical support and guarantee for the lightweight research of aerospace vehicles. Finally, the limit drawing ratio of a single process of hydrodynamic deep drawing for LF21 aluminum alloy with the thickness of 1.8 mm is 3.32, which provides technical reference for the forming scheme of deep drawing parts of the material.

基金项目：

作者简介：崔丽（1982-），女，博士，高级工程师，E-mail：cui1008@acic.com；通信作者：张帅（1995-），男，学士，助理工程师，E-mail：13652095025@139.com

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