锻压技术

热拉深工艺在薄壁法兰中的应用

英文标题：Application of hot drawing process in thin-walled flange

分类号：TG316.3;TG356.51

出版年,卷(期):页码：2022,47(5):45-51

摘要：

为了解决使用普通胎膜锻工艺生产的薄壁法兰锻件伴有的内孔加工余量大、材料浪费严重等问题。从理论上分析了热拉深工艺的成形特点，总结了其金属填充规律，预测了主要成形缺陷，并根据理论分析结果设计出薄壁法兰的制坯和成形模具及热拉深成形工艺。采用有限元模拟软件对成形过程进行仿真，分析了变形过程中速度场和载荷的变化规律。经过生产试制，发现使用热拉深工艺生产出的法兰产品的外观、尺寸均符合工艺要求。相比与普通胎模锻工艺，热拉深工艺生产的产品在宏观方面，单件下料重量减少约430 kg，并节约机加工工时约20%；在微观方面，其内部组织更加细密、均匀，且通过超声波探伤，内部质量良好，符合设计要求。为薄壁法兰的生产提供了一种新方法。

In order to solve the problems of large machining allowance of inner hole and serious material waste for thin-walled flange forgings produced by ordinary loose tooling forging process, the forming characteristics of hot drawing process were analyzed theoretically, the metal filling law was summarized, and the main forming defects were predicted. Then, according to the theoretical analysis results, the blanking and forming moulds of thin-walled flange as well as hot drawing process were designed. Furthermore, the forming process was simulated by finite element simulation software, and the variation laws of velocity field and load in the deformation process were analyzed. After trial production, it is found that the appearance and sizes of flange products produced by the hot drawing process meet the process requirements. Compared with the ordinary loose tooling forging process, in the macroscopic aspect the blanking weight of the products produced by the hot drawing process is reduced by about 430 kg and the machining time is saved by about 20%. However, in the microscopic aspect, its internal structure is more fine and uniform, and through ultrasonic flaw detection, the internal quality is good and meets the design requirements. Thus, it provides a new method for the production of thin-walled flange.

基金项目：

中国石油天然气集团有限公司关键核心技术攻关项目（2021ZG08）

作者简介：王金鹏（1986-），男，学士，工程师，E-mail：1091295398@qq.com

参考文献：

[1]赵玉民，华林，胡亚民.带外台阶法兰环件轧制的变形规律研究[J].模具技术，2006,(2)：30-32.

Zhao Y M,Hua L,Hu Y M. Study on deformation rule of rolling of flange with outer step[J]. Die and Mould Technology,2006,(2):30-32.

[2]高东升. 高径薄壁法兰锻件的镦锻成形工艺与模具[J].机械工程与自动化，2017,(3)：123-124.

Gao D S. Upsetting forging process and die for a flange forging with high neck and thin wall [J]. Mechanical Engineering & Automation,2017,(3):123-124.

[3]丁泰然，胡成亮，赵震，等.管坯镦挤成形工艺成形极限的上限法分析[J].塑性工程学报，2019，26（4）：28-33.

Ding T R,Hu C L,Zhao Z,et al.Upper-bound analysis of forming limit of tube upsetting process [J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2019,26(4):28-33.

[4]王鑫，王强，张治民，等.薄壁筒形件累积镦挤成形法兰研究[J].轻合金加工技术，2020,48(6):42-46.

Wang X,Wang Q,Zhang Z M,et al.Research on cumulative upset extrusion flange of thin-walled tube[J].Light Alloy Fabrication Technology,2020,48(6):42-46.

[5]袁秦峰，梁必成，孙镭，等，钛合金变截面薄壁管流体力学成形工艺[J].锻压技术，2020,45（10）：80-85.

Yuan Q F,Liang B C,Sun L,et al.Hydromechanical forming process of titanium alloy thin-walled tubes with variable cross-section [J].Forging & Stamping Technology,2020,45(10):80-85.

[6]李昌义，胡振志，李春辉，等.特大型水电台阶法兰锻件工艺技术[J].锻压技术，2021，46（3）：37-42.

Li C Y,Hu Z Z,Li C H,et al.Process technology on extra-large hydropower stepped flange forgings [J].Forging & Stamping Technology,2021,46(3):37-42.

[7]胡朝备. 水室封头热拉深成形规律及工艺研究 [D].秦皇岛：燕山大学，2017.

Hu C B.Research on Hot Drawing Laws and Process of Water Chamber Head [D].Qinhuangdao:Yanshan University,2017.

[8]张国智. 大型封头热拉深力学机理及仿真研究[J].中国机械工程，2013，24（8）：1114-1117.

Zhang G Z.Study on mechanics mechanism and simulation of hot-drawing process of large head[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2013,24(8):1114-1117.

[9]周朝辉，曹海桥，吉卫.厚壁椭圆形封头热拉深成形及有限元模拟[J].热加工工艺，2004，33（9）：44-45.

Zhou C H,Cao H Q,Ji W.Hot drawing and finite element simulation of thick-wall ellipse end sochet[J].Hot Working Technology,2004,33(9):44-45.

[10]江学强，吉卫，曹海桥，等.厚壁筒形件热拉深成形数值模拟及工艺研究[J].热加工工艺，2014，43（11）：148-154.

Jiang X Q,Ji W,Cao H Q,et al. Numerical simulation and technical study of hot drawing forming thick-wall cylinder[J]. Hot Working Technology,2014,43(11):148-154.

[11]吕炎. 锻压成形理论与工艺 [M].北京：机械工业出版社，1991.

Lyu Y.Forging Forming Theory and Technology[M]. Beijing:China Machine Press,1991.

[12]张英杰，靳文德，马爱琴.法兰锻坯成型高度的确定[J].太原重型机械学院学报，1999，20（2）：131-133.

Zhang Y J,Jin W D,Ma A Q.Determination about forming height of flange froging blank [J]. Journal of Taiyuan Heavy Machinery Institute,1999,20(2):131-133.

[13]吕炎. 锻模设计手册 [M].2版.北京：机械工业出版社，2005.

Lyu Y.Design Manual of Forging Die [M].2nd Edition.Beijing:China Machine Press,2005.

[14]郑丽丽，彭军，安胜利,等，稀土Ce对贝氏体钢热处理组织和性能的影响[J].稀有金属，2020,44（11）：1191-1200.

Zheng L L，Peng J，An S L，et al. Heat treatment microstructure and properties of bainitic steel with addition of rare earth cerium[J]. Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2020,44(11):1191-1200.

[15]GB/T 6394—2002, 金属平均晶粒度测定方法[S].

GB/T 6394—2002，Metal-methods for estimating the average grain size[S].

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【加入收藏】