锻压技术

一种长厚臂叉形接头锻件成形工艺与实验

英文标题：Forming process and experiments for a kind of fork\|shaped joint forgings with long and thick arm

单位：1. 郑州机械研究所有限公司 2. 中国机械科学研究总院集团有限公司 3.宇通重工有限公司 4. 西安交通大学机械工程学院

分类号：TG316

出版年,卷(期):页码：2022,47(6):61-66

摘要：

根据长厚臂叉形接头锻件的形状特点，分析了锻件的成形难度，初步制定了成形工艺为热镦挤复合成形和立式反挤成形，并采用数值模拟研究了各工序成形过程以及冲头成形力。通过后续工艺实验发现，热镦挤复合成形工序成形的锻件在方形上端部分四角处有明显的折叠缺陷，分析认为这是由于实验过程中锻件长时间的热量散失造成金属流动性降低而产生的。对初步拟定的成形工艺进行了改进，改进后的成形工艺为热正挤、热镦方和热反挤，数值模拟分析以及验证实验表明，改进后的成形工艺可行，并且设计了具有导向功能的模具结构，解决了叉形接头锻件壁厚不均的问题。该成形锻件填充饱满、无缺陷，金属流线分布连贯、合理，成形工艺和模具寿命通过了批量生产考核。

According to the shape characteristics of fork\|shaped joint forgings with long and thick arm, the forming difficulty was analyzed. Then, the forming process was preliminarily formulated as hot upsetting\|extrusion compound forming and vertical backward extrusion forming, and the forming process of each procedure and the forming force of punch were studied by numerical simulation. The subsequent process experiments shows that the forgings formed in the hot upsetting\|extrusion compound forming process has obvious folding defect at four corners of square upper end, which is caused by long\|term heat loss of forgings during experiment process resulting in the reduction of metal fluidity. Furthermore, the preliminarily drafted forming process was improved, and the improved forming process was hot forward extrusion, hot upsetting into square and hot backward extrusion. The numerical simulation analysis and verification experiments show that the improved forming process is feasible, and the mold structure with guiding function is designed to solve the problem of uneven wall thickness for fork\|shaped joint forgings. The forgings are full filled and defect\|free, the metal streamline distribution is consistent and reasonable, and the forming process and mold life have passed the mass production assessment.

基金项目：

郑州市科技重大专项资助项目（152PZDZX007）

王涛(1986-)，男，博士研究生，高级工程师 E-mail：13623815363@163.com 通信作者：刘华（1962-），男，博士，博士生导师，研究员 E-mail：13903832971@163.com

参考文献：

[1]赵德颖,张连东,朱恩领.枝杈类锻件挤压成形折叠缺陷影响参数分析[J].塑性工程学报,2018,25(1):41-45.

Zhao D Y，Zhang L D，Zhu E L. Analysis of affecting parameters on folding defects of branch-type forgings in the process of extrusion[J]. Journal of Plasticity Engineering, 2018, 25(1):41-45.

[2]朱胜, 胡成亮,季微微,等.转向节叉冷挤压工艺分析[J].模具技术,2009,(3): 24-26,47.

Zhu S, Hu C L, Ji W W, et al. Process analysis for the cold extrusion of steering yoke[J]. Die and Mould Technology, 2009,(3): 24-26,47.

[3]贾杨, 王松林.铝合金叉形模锻件的制坯工艺研究[J].轻合金加工技术,2014,42(1):57-59.

Jia Y, Wang S L. Research on blanking process for aluminum alloy fork forging[J]. Light Alloy Fabrication Technology, 2014,42(1):57-59.

[4]潘成海, 曾琦,董旭刚,等. 汽车转向节精锻工艺设计与锻造主机选型[J]. 锻压技术,2021,46(8):26-31.

Pan C H，Zeng Q，Dong X G，et al. Design on precision forging process of automobile steering knuckle and selection of forging main press[J]. Forging & Stamping Technology，2021,46(8):26-31.

[5]唐庆顺, 杨元慧,卢森加, 等.汽车转向节模锻工艺改进[J].热加工工艺,2014,43(19):128-130.

Tang Q S, Yang Y H, Lu S J, et al. Die forging process improvement of automobile steering knuckle[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2014,43(19):128-130.

[6]李路, 周杰,卢先正, 等.转向节热挤压方案工艺性对比分析[J].热加工工艺,2009,38(23):131-133, 137.

Li L, Zhou J, Lu X Z, et al. Comparative analysis about different processes of knuckle hot extrusion[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2009,38(23): 131-133, 137.

[7]Hu C L, Zeng F, Zhao Z, et al. Process optimization for design of duplex universal joint fork using unequal thickness flash[J]. International Journal of Precision Engineering & Manufacturing, 2015, 16(12):2517-2527.

[8]苗站, 张治民,于建民,等. 不同参数对铝合金枝杈类构件金属流线的影响及优化[J]. 锻压技术,2021,46(2):105-110.

Miao Z，Zhang Z M，Yu J M，et al. Influence of different parameters on metal streamline of aluminum alloy part with branch and optimization [J]. Forging & Stamping Technology，2021,46(2):105-110.

[9]王熠昕, 权国政,黄文超.汽车万向节叉热挤压成形的数值模拟分析[J].精密成形工程,2010,2(6):60-63.

Wang Y X, Quan G Z, Huang W C. Simulation analysis of hot extrusion forming for universal joint fork of automobile[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering,2010, 2(6):60-63.

[10]Xu J Y, Sun B S, Li N . Research on forging forming force in the composite technology of cross wedge rolling (CWR) and forging for universal joint fork[J]. Metallurgy, 2019, 58(1):131-134.

[11]Hawryluk M, Jakubik J. Analysis of forging defects for selected industrial die forging processes[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis,2016,59:396-409.

[12]权国政, 王熠昕,周杰.万向节叉正反挤压成形的宏微观耦合模拟[J].热加工工艺,2009,38(21):105-107.

Quan G Z, Wang Y X, Zhou J. Macromicro coupled simulation of positive and negative extrusion for universal joint fork[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2009,38(21):105-107.

服务与反馈：

【本网站尚未开通全文下载服务】【加入收藏】