锻压技术

双杯壳类零件冷挤压成形工艺及模具设计

英文标题：Cold extrusion process and die design of double cup shell parts

作者：孙克锐徐海利

分类号：TG376

出版年,卷(期):页码：2022,47(7):154-161

摘要：

针对双杯壳类零件成形，对比分析拉深工艺与冷挤压工艺的优劣；制定冷挤压成形方案并计算成形载荷；设计、制造冷挤压模具并进行实验验证。结果表明：对双杯、壁厚不均匀的壳类件可采用预镦挤、复合挤压和反挤压多工序冷挤压成形。复合挤压的反挤压杯形件阶段的成形载荷最大；基于有限元模拟分析，变形主要集中在连接上杯和下杯的台阶。基于重量、成形工艺和尺寸链分析成形件的尺寸及控制策略，其中高度尺寸可通过提高下料精度、调整挤压凸模行程或调节上杯、下杯材料体积实现精准控制。最终成形件的内底面光洁度明显较预镦挤、复合挤压件高，表明充分受压且与模具不发生相对滑动的表面能获得更好的表面质量。

For the forming of double cup shell parts, the advantages and disadvantages of deep drawing process and cold extrusion process were compared and analyzed, and the cold extrusion forming scheme was worked out to calculate the forming load. Then, the cold extrusion die was designed and manufactured, and the verified experiments were conducted. The results show that the shell parts with double cups and uneven wall thickness can be formed by the multi-process cold extrusion forming with pre-upsetting extrusion, compound extrusion and reverse extrusion. In the stage of reverse extrusion cup-shaped part for composite extrusion, the forming load is the largest. Based on the finite element simulation analysis, the deformation is mainly concentrated in the step connecting upper and lower cups. Based on the weight, forming process and dimension chain, the dimensions and control strategy of forming parts were analyzed, in which the height dimension can be accurately controlled by improving the cutting accuracy, adjusting the extrusion punch stroke or the material volume of upper cup and lower cup. The inner bottom surface finish degree of the final formed part is obviously higher than that of the pre-upsetting extrusion and compound extrusion parts, which indicates that the surface with sufficient pressure and no relative sliding with the die can obtain better surface quality.

基金项目：

浙江省教育厅一般科研项目（Y201942873）

作者简介：孙克锐（1979-），男，硕士，工程师，讲师 E-mail：sunkerui79@126.com

参考文献：

[1]洪慎章. 实用冷挤压模设计与制造[M].2版.北京：机械工业出版社，2016.

Hong S Z. Practical Cold Extrusion Die Design and Manufacturing [M]. 2nd Edition.Beijing: China Machine Press, 2016.

[2]杨煜. 国内外冷挤压技术发展综述[J].锻压机械，2001，36(1)：3-5.

Yang Y. Review of development of cold extrusion domestic and abroad [J]. China Metalforming Equipment & Manufacturing Technology, 2001,36(1):3-5.

[3]林涵. 铜壳多工位级进模设计[J].福建工程学院学报，2008, 6(6):660-662.

Lin H. Design of multi position progressive die for copper shell [J]. Journal of Fujian University of Technology, 2008,6(6):660-662.

[4]王耀祖, 张新和,赵红军，等.内齿杯形件复合拉深成形工艺研究[J].模具技术,2015，(2):1-4，46.

Wang Y Z, Zhang X H, Zhao H J，et al. Research on compound forming process of cup-shaped part with inner gear [J]. Die and Mould Technology, 2015，(2): 1-4，46.

[5]黄珍媛, 谭朋朋,李超.薄壁高矩形金属食品罐多道次拉深工艺设计[J].锻压技术,2021,46(7):40-45.

Huang Z Y,Tan P P, Li C.Multi-pass drawing process design on thin-walled high rectangle metal food can [J]. Forging & Stamping Technology, 2021,46(7):40-45.

[6]徐蒙蒙. 钛合金TC4薄壁筒形件挤压成形及微观组织变化[D]. 秦皇岛:燕山大学,2020.

Xu M M.Extrusion Forming and Microstructure Changes of Titanium Alloy TC4 Thin-walled Cylinder[D]. Qinhuangdao: Yanshan University，2020.

[7]李洪波, 王琳,田锋,等.TC4钛合金薄壁筒形件反挤压成形及微观组织演化[J].塑性工程学报,2021,28(10):19-26.

Li H B, Wang L, Tian F，et al. Backward extrusion and microstructure evolution of TC4 titanium alloy thin-walled cylinders[J]. Journal of Plasticity Engineering，2021,28(10):19-26.

[8]任广义, 王晓康,何万飞，等.二阶筒形件多次拉深成形工艺分析及数值模拟[J].模具工业,2021,47(2):32-35.

Ren G Y, Wang X K, He W F，et al. Technology analysis and numerical simulation of multi-stage drawing for two-diameter cylindrical part [J]. Die & Mould Industry, 2021,47(2): 32-35.

[9]李欣芮, 王晓康,何万飞.不锈钢制件拉深成形防粘结瘤的研究[J].模具工业,2020,46(5):61-65.

Li X R, Wang X K, He W F. Study on avoiding seizing tumor on die parts in drawing process of stainless steel parts [J]. Die & Mould Industry, 2020,46(5): 61-65.

[10]李倩云, 胡勇,王辰,等.高强铝合金薄壁高筋大型壁板精确成形制造技术研究[J].宇航总体技术,2021,5(1):19-26.

Li Q Y, Hu Y, Wang C，et al. Research of precise manufacturing technology for large thin wall panel with high ribs made of high strength aluminum alloy [J]. Astronautical Systems Engineering Technology, 2021, 5(1):19-26.

[11]Lang K, Kammerer M, Phlandt K，等.挤压技术：金属精密件的经济制造工艺[M].杜国辉,赵震，译.第1版.北京：机械工业出版社，2018.

Lang K, Kammerer M, Phlandt K, et al. Extrusion Technology：The Economic Manufacturing Process of Metal Precision Parts [M]. Translated by Du G H, Zhao Z. 1st Edition. Beijing: China Machine Press, 2018.

[12]刘明, 常海涛,段燕,等.DCC在航空发动机工艺尺寸链计算中的应用[J].航空发动机,2020,46(4):98-102.

Liu M, Chang H T, Duan Y, et al. Application of DCC in process dimension chain calculation of aeroengine [J]. Aeroengine,2020,46(4): 98-102.

[13]焦太安. 机械制造中的设计尺寸链和工艺尺寸链的分析[J].世界有色金属,2019，(12):237-239.

Jiao T A. Analysis of process dimension chain in mechanical manufacturing [J]. World Nonferrous Metals, 2019，(12): 237-239.

[14]曹伟, 陈庆焦,熊丽萍.工艺尺寸链的应用实例[J].机电工程技术,2013,42(6):190-192.

Cao W, Chen Q J, Xiong L P. Process dimension chain application examples[J]. Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology, 2013,42(6):190-192.

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【加入收藏】