锻压技术

双杯壳类零件冷挤压成形工艺及模具设计

英文标题：Cold extrusion process and die design of double cup shell parts

作者：孙克锐徐海利

分类号：TG376

出版年,卷(期):页码：2022,47(7):154-161

摘要：

针对双杯壳类零件成形，对比分析拉深工艺与冷挤压工艺的优劣；制定冷挤压成形方案并计算成形载荷；设计、制造冷挤压模具并进行实验验证。结果表明：对双杯、壁厚不均匀的壳类件可采用预镦挤、复合挤压和反挤压多工序冷挤压成形。复合挤压的反挤压杯形件阶段的成形载荷最大；基于有限元模拟分析，变形主要集中在连接上杯和下杯的台阶。基于重量、成形工艺和尺寸链分析成形件的尺寸及控制策略，其中高度尺寸可通过提高下料精度、调整挤压凸模行程或调节上杯、下杯材料体积实现精准控制。最终成形件的内底面光洁度明显较预镦挤、复合挤压件高，表明充分受压且与模具不发生相对滑动的表面能获得更好的表面质量。

For the forming of double cup shell parts, the advantages and disadvantages of deep drawing process and cold extrusion process were compared and analyzed, and the cold extrusion forming scheme was worked out to calculate the forming load. Then, the cold extrusion die was designed and manufactured, and the verified experiments were conducted. The results show that the shell parts with double cups and uneven wall thickness can be formed by the multi-process cold extrusion forming with pre-upsetting extrusion, compound extrusion and reverse extrusion. In the stage of reverse extrusion cup-shaped part for composite extrusion, the forming load is the largest. Based on the finite element simulation analysis, the deformation is mainly concentrated in the step connecting upper and lower cups. Based on the weight, forming process and dimension chain, the dimensions and control strategy of forming parts were analyzed, in which the height dimension can be accurately controlled by improving the cutting accuracy, adjusting the extrusion punch stroke or the material volume of upper cup and lower cup. The inner bottom surface finish degree of the final formed part is obviously higher than that of the pre-upsetting extrusion and compound extrusion parts, which indicates that the surface with sufficient pressure and no relative sliding with the die can obtain better surface quality.

基金项目：

浙江省教育厅一般科研项目（Y201942873）

作者简介：孙克锐（1979-），男，硕士，工程师，讲师 E-mail：sunkerui79@126.com

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