锻压技术

铝合金锻造开坯变形均匀性数值模拟与实验验证

英文标题：Numerical simulation and experimental verification on deformation uniformity during forging-cogging process for aluminum alloy

作者：李鹏伟李翌瑞蔡安辉王昕周宏志

单位：湖南理工学院机械工程学院复杂结构拓扑创新设计与制造湖南省工程研究中心电磁装备设计与制造湖南省重点实验室

关键词：锻造开坯变形均匀性多向镦粗晶粒细化 2A14铝合金

分类号：TG31

出版年,卷(期):页码：2022,47(8):1-6

摘要：

锻造开坯变形均匀性是影响锻件质量的重要因素。以2A14铝合金为研究对象，利用Deform-3D有限元软件对锻坯应变场进行模拟，通过引入平均等效应变εave、变形均匀系数a，结合晶粒形貌观察和拉伸力学性能测试，对“单向镦粗”和“多向镦粗”两种锻造开坯工艺的变形均匀性进行定量和定性分析。研究结果表明:“多向镦粗”锻造开坯工艺的变形均匀性较“单向镦粗”锻造开坯工艺好，且锻造累积应变量越大，变形均匀性越好，力学性能各向异性越弱。2A14铝合金在多向镦粗锻造开坯过程中，随着累积应变量的增加，晶粒细化机制由晶粒破碎机制逐渐转变为连续动态再结晶机制。

Deformation uniformity of forging-cogging is an important factor affecting the quality of forgings. Therefore, for 2A14 aluminum alloy, the strain field of forged-billet was simulated by finite element software Deform-3D. Then, by introducing average equivalent strain εave and deformation uniformity coefficient a, combined with the observation of grain morphology and

the tensile test of mechanical properties, the deformation uniformity of “unidirectional upsetting” and “multi-directional upsetting” forging-cogging processes were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. The results show that the deformation uniformity of the “multi-directional upsetting” forging-cogging process is better than that of the “unidirectional upsetting” forging-cogging process, and the larger the accumulated strain amount is, the better the deformation uniformity and the weaker the anisotropy of mechanical properties are. In the process of multi-directional upsetting forging-cogging process for 2A14 aluminum alloy, with the increasing of accumulated strain amount, the grain refinement mechanism gradually changes from the grain crushing mechanism to the continuous dynamic recrystallization mechanism.

基金项目：

湖南省自然科学基金青年项目（2020JJ5215）；电磁装备设计与制造湖南省重点实验室开放基金项目（DC202007）

作者简介：李鹏伟（1985-），男，博士，讲师，E-mail：mselpw@163.com；通信作者：周宏志（1972-），男，博士，教授，E-mail：zhoubox@sina.com

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