锻压技术

成形工艺对谐波减速器柔轮组织性能的影响

英文标题：Influence of forming process on microstructure and properties of fiexspline for harmonic reducer

作者：王洋邵洙浩高明艳杨国强张朝磊

分类号：TG317

出版年,卷(期):页码：2022,47(11):36-41

摘要：

通过对谐波减速器柔轮成形工艺的质量追踪、光学显微镜观察、低倍组织酸蚀检测和力学性能的测定，研究了自由锻、复合成形和模锻3种成形工艺下的材料利用率和成形工艺对柔轮毛坯组织、晶粒度、金属流线和硬度均匀性的影响。结果表明：柔轮毛坯经过淬火和中温回火处理，组织均为回火屈氏体，晶粒度可达10.5~12.0级。自由锻下的材料利用率最低，为2.3%，材料和机加工成本最高，硬度均匀性差，不利于柔轮的生产；复合成形工艺下的材料利用率最高，为11.1%，且无需粗加工，金属流线存在折叠和紊乱现象，还需对工艺进一步优化；模锻下的材料利用率居中，为3.6%，在晶粒度、硬度均匀性和金属流线分布中最优，是目前最适合的柔轮成形工艺。

The influences of materials utilization and forming process for the three forming processes of free forging, composite forming and die forging on the billet microstructure, grain size, metal streamline and hardness uniformity of flexspline were studied by the quality tracking, optical microstructure observation, low magnification structure acid etching detection and mechanical properties measurement of the forming process for harmonic reducer flexspline. The results show that after the flexspline billet is quenched and tempered at medium temperature, its structure is tempered troostite, and the grain size can reach 10.5-12.0. The material utilization of free forming process is lowest，which is 2.3%, and the cost of material and machining is the highest and the uniformity of hardness is poor, which is not suitable for the production of flexspline. In comparison, the material utilization of composite forming process is highest, which is 11.1%, and no rough machining is required, but the metal streamlines are folded and disordered, so the process needs to be further optimized. In addition, the material utilization of die forging material is in the middle, which is 3.6%, it is the best in grain size, hardness uniformity and metal streamline distribution, and it is the most suitable forming process for flexspline at present.

基金项目：

作者简介：王洋（1983-），男，硕士，高级工程师，E-mail：wangyang@ctkmhd.com；通信作者：张朝磊（1984-），男，博士，副教授，E-mail：zhangchaolei@ustb.edu.cn

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