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某汽车覆盖件冷切边模具激光熔覆表面强化材料研究
英文标题:Research on laser cladding surface strengthening material for cold trimming die of an automobile panel
作者:范 芳1  肖贵乾2  武昭妤1  熊 庆1  门正兴3 
单位:(1. 成都工业职业技术学院  2. 重庆大学  3. 成都航空职业技术学院 
关键词:激光熔覆  耐磨层  切边模具  显微硬度  耐磨性  微观组织 
分类号:TG178; TN249
出版年,卷(期):页码:2023,48(1):208-215
摘要:

 为提高冷冲压模具寿命、降低模具制造成本, 提出了铸钢基体表面激光熔覆耐磨层的模具制造技术。首先, 设计了3种激光熔覆材料并制定了相应的激光熔覆工艺参数, 使用激光熔覆设备将这3 种材料在45 铸钢基体上进行激光熔覆实验。随后, 对熔覆试样进行了物相和金相分析, 分析结果表明: 第1 种材料熔覆层中主要存在α-Fe、Fe-Cr 金属间化合物、Fe-Ni 固溶体和Ni-Cr-Fe 固溶体等, 形成固溶强化, 提高了熔覆金属的硬度; 第2 种材料熔覆层主要含有马氏体、析出相Fe-Cr、FeV、MnV 等, 马氏体的硬度和强度均得到较高, 同时晶界上的析出物具有弥散强化效果, 提高了材料的硬度和强度; 第3 种材料熔覆层主要含有马氏体、Cr7C3 和Mn23C6 等相, 该材料的微观组织具有网状结构, 网状晶界的碳化物包裹马氏体, 提升了材料的硬度和强度。最后, 对3 种材料进行了显微硬度、摩擦因数及耐磨性的综合分析, 确定第3 种材料熔覆层的显微硬度最大、耐磨性最好、摩擦因数最小。将第3 种材料熔覆于某冷冲压切边模具刃口上, 可以显著提高模具寿命。

 In order to improve the life of cold stamping die and reduce the manufacturing cost of die, the die manufacturing technology of laser cladding wear resistant layer on cast steel matrix surface was proposed. Firstly, three kinds of laser cladding materials were designed and the corresponding laser cladding process parameters were formulated. Laser cladding experiments were carried out on 45 cast steel matrix with the three materials by laser cladding equipment. Then, the physical and metallographic analyses of cladding samples were conducted. The results show that α-Fe, Fe-Cr intermetallic compounds, Fe-Ni solid solution, Ni-Cr-Fe solid solution and other phases are mainly found in the cladding layer of the first material, which forms solid solution strengthening and improves the hardness of cladding metal. The cladding layer of the second material mainly contains martensite, precipitated phase Fe-Cr, FeV, MnV, etc. The hardness and strength of martensite are improved, and the precipitated material at the grain boundary has the effect of dispersion strengthening, which significantly improves the hardness and strength of the material. The cladding layer of the third material mainly contains martensite, Cr7C3, Mn23C6 and other phases. The microstructure of the material has a reticular structure, and the carbide of reticular grain boundary wraps martensite, which can significantly improve the microhardness and strength of the material. Finally, the hardness, friction coefficient and wear resistance of the three materials were analyzed. It determines that the third material has the highest microhardness, the best wear resistance and the lowest friction coefficient. When the third material is coated on the edge of a cold stamping and trimming die, the die life is significantly increased.

基金项目:
四川省自然科学基金面上项目(2022NSFSC0400)
作者简介:
作者简介: 范 芳(1984-), 女, 硕士, 副教授 E-mail: ff496461632@ 163. com
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