锻压技术

镁合金锻压-弯曲反复变形的有限元数值模拟分析与实验研究

英文标题：Finite element numerical simulation analysis and experimental research on forging-bending repeated deformation for magnesium alloys

作者：李旻昊卢立伟张家龙范宇田车波马旻

单位：湖南科技大学

关键词：AZ31镁合金锻压-弯曲反复变形等效应变微观组织硬度

分类号：TG146.2

出版年,卷(期):页码：2023,48(2):52-61

摘要：

为了改善传统大塑性变形技术在实际操作中尺寸参数的局限性，提高AZ31镁合金的晶粒细化效果，提升其综合力学性能，将AZ31镁合金板材分别通过DEFORM-3D有限元数值模拟和300 ℃条件下4道次锻压-弯曲反复变形工艺实验来研究其变形行为和微观组织。模拟结果表明：变形道次越多，等效应变值越大，1道次变形时，等效应变呈间隔分布，而经过4道次变形后，高应变区域向低应变区域扩散，等效应变分布趋于均匀化；同时，变形过程中存在剪切力，弯曲剪切作用与锻压作用相互耦合，对细化晶粒、开启非基面滑移具有促进作用，有助于改善AZ31镁合金的组织与力学性能。实验结果表明：变形道次越多，晶粒细化效果越好，平均晶粒尺寸可显著细化至7.1 μm，同时，组织均匀性不断改善。4道次变形后板材在不同区域处的织构取向分布差异较小，硬度值分布也相对均匀，平均硬度值为62.8 HV。

In order to improve the limitation of size parameters in the actual operation of traditional large plastic deformation technology, intensify the grain refinement effect of AZ31 magnesium alloy and strengthen its comprehensive mechanical properties, the deformation behavior and microstructure of AZ31 magnesium alloy plate were studied by DEFORM-3D finite element numerical simulation and four-pass forging-bending repeated deformation process experiment at 300 ℃. The simulation results show that the more the deformation passes are, the greater the equivalent strain value is. During the one-pass deformation, the equivalent strain presents an interval distribution, but after four-pass deformation, the high-strain region diffuses to the low-strain region, and the equivalent strain distribution tends to be uniform. At the same time, there is shear force in the deformation process, and the bending shear action and forging action are coupled with each other, which can promote grain refinement and open non-base slip and is helpful to intensify the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy. The experimental results show that the more the deformation passes are, the better the grain refinement effect is, the average grain size can be significantly refined to 7.1 μm, and at the same time, the microstructure uniformity is continuously improved. After four-pass deformation, the texture orientation distribution of the plate in different regions has little difference, and the hardness value distribution is relatively uniform with an average hardness value of 62.8 HV.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52174362，51975207)；湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2021JJ30257，2020JJ5181)；湖南省教育厅资助项目(19C0773)

作者简介：李旻昊(1997-)，男，硕士研究生，E-mail：969426949@qq.com；通信作者：卢立伟(1983-)，男，博士，教授，E-mail：cqulqyz@126.com

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