锻压技术

一体式激光拼焊热成形门环的开发及应用

英文标题：Development and application on integrated laser tailor welding hot forming for door ring

作者：陈嘉玥祁学军刘勇曹卫林许梦绮

单位：岚图汽车科技有限公司

分类号：U466; TG456.7

出版年,卷(期):页码：2023,48(2):77-84

摘要：

采用1000、1500和2000 MPa这3种强度的热成形钢板，设计开发了由5种厚度板料和2个补丁板经激光拼焊后一体化热成形的门环，并统筹考虑碰撞变形和吸能。对传统冲压-焊接的门环和一体式激光拼焊热成形门环分别进行了25%偏置碰撞和移动变形壁障碰撞的数值仿真，结果显示：25%偏置碰撞时，传统门环侧面变形最大侵入量大于190 mm，而一体式门环为166.313 mm，减少了14.4%，且一体式门环零件的变形侵入量小于传统门环；移动变形壁障碰撞时，一体式门环的变形侵入量略小于传统门环。一体式门环激光拼焊热成形后各区域性能均达到了设计要求，其中B柱上板Patch板强度达到1878 MPa，门槛加强板的强度达到1041 MPa，且韧性好；激光拼焊的5条焊缝强度均大于较弱侧基材的强度。相比于传统门环，一体式门环整车减重10.146 kg，减重率为20.6%；材料利用率由66.7%提升至71.19%；单车成本增加80元/车，但轻量化成本仅增加7.88元，为业内水平的1/3~1/2。

A door ring by integrated hot forming after laser tailor welding was designed and developed with five thicknesses of sheets and two patch sheets, and the used hot forming steel sheets had three strengths of 1000, 1500 and 2000 MPa, considering collision deformation and energy absorption. Then, the numerical simulations of 25% bias collision and moving deformable barrier (MDB) collision were carried out for the traditional stamping-welded door ring and integrated laser tailor welding (LTW) hot forming door ring, respectively. The results show that at 25% bias collision, the maximum local deformation intrusion amount of the traditional door ring is more than 190 mm, and the maximum deformation intrusion amount of the integrated door ring is 166.313 mm, which is a reduction of 14.4%, and the local deformation intrusion amount of the integrated door ring is less than that of the traditional door ring. At moving deformable barrier (MDB) collision, the local deformation intrusion amount of the integrated door ring is slightly less than that of the traditional door ring. The mechanics performance of each component in the integrated hot forming door ring after laser tailor welding meets the design requirements, among them, the strength of B-pillar patch sheet reaches 1878 MPa, and the strength of threshold reinforcing sheet reaches 1041 MPa with good toughness. The strength of five weld seams of laser tailor welding is greater than that of the base material on the weaker side. Compared with the traditional door ring, the whole vehicle weight of the integrated door ring is reduced by 10.146 kg, and the weight reduction rate is 20.6%. The material utilization rate increases from 66.7% to 71.19%, the cost of a single vehicle increases by 80 yuan per vehicle, but the lightweight cost increases by only 7.88 yuan, which is 1/3 to 1/2 of the industry level.

基金项目：

湖北省重大科技专项（2022AAA001）

作者简介：陈嘉玥（1991-），男，学士，高级工程师，E-mail：chenjiayue@voyah.com.cn；通信作者：祁学军（1978-），男，硕士，工程师，E-mail：qixuejun@voyah.com.cn

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