The finite element model for the mutual coupling of heat, force and microstructure of spiral-groove hot skew-rolled steel ball was established by using finite element software SIMUFACT, and in the forming process of hot skew-rolled steel ball, rolling temperature, roller rotate speed and roller inclination angle were the important process parameters. Then, the distribution characteristics of microstructure for steel ball were analyzed by the single factor experiment method, and the influence laws of process parameters on grain size and distribution uniformity were expounded. Furthermore, it is found that the average grain size for the cross section of rolled workpieces decreases at first and then increases with the increasing of rolling temperature, roller rotate speed and roller inclination angle, and with the increasing of rolling temperature and roller rotate speed, the overall grain size and distribution uniformity of the rolled workpiece decreases at first and then increases. With the increasing of roller inclination angle, the overall grain size of rolled workpieces decreases at first and the then increases, and the uniformity of microstructure distribution increases at first and then decreases. The results show that the process parameters have an important influence on the microstructure uniformity and finished product quality of skew-rolled steel balls, and the experimental results are consistent with the simulation analysis, which verifies the reliability of the simulation.