锻压技术

多孔薄壁铝型材挤压模具结构模具

英文标题：Structure of extrusion mold for porous thin-walled aluminum profiles

单位：(1.北京科技大学机械工程学院北京 100083 2.北京科技大学顺德创新学院广东佛山 528399 3. 广东豪美新材股份有限公司广东清远 511540 4.中国原子能科学研究院北京 102413)

分类号：TG375+41

出版年,卷(期):页码：2023,48(6):162-170

摘要：

以某汽车底板用铝型材为研究对象，针对该大型型材截面长宽尺寸差大、厚差大、多孔且薄壁的特点，基于有限元仿真软件HyperXtrude，对挤压过程中金属流动情况进行稳态数值模拟，分析模具结构对挤压成形的影响并探究型材产生缺陷的原因。以提高型材截面金属流动均匀性为目标，通过扩大引流槽、减小分流孔和调整工作带的方式进行挤压模具结构改进。挤压模具结构改进后，型材截面金属流速均方差SDV值降为2.08 mm·s-1，型材截面温度均方差SDT值降为8.25 ℃，型材最大应力值降为27.4 MPa，改进后的型材截面金属流速均匀性和温度分布均匀性有了明显提升，有效地改善了型材变形和应力过大的问题。通过挤压实验证明了挤压模具结构的合理性，可为同类型的铝型材挤压成形模具设计提供参考。

For an aluminum alloy profile used as automobile floor, aiming to the characteristics of large-scale profiles with large differences in length and width, large wall thickness difference, porous and thin wall, the metal flow during the extrusion process was numerically simulated in a steady state by finite element simulation software HyperXtrude, and the influence of mold structure on extrusion was analyzed to explore the causes of defects in the profiles. Then, with the goal of improving the uniformity of metal flow in the profile section, the extrusion mold structure was improved by expanding the drainage groove, reducing the shunt hole and adjusting the working belt. The results show that after the extrusion mold structure is improved, the mean square deviation (SDV) value of metal flow velocity in the profile section, the mean square deviation (SDT) value of temperature in the profile section, and the maximum stress value of the profile are reduced to 2.08 mm·s-1, 8.25 ℃ and 27.4 MPa, respectively. After the improvement, the metal flow velocity uniformity and temperature distribution uniformity of the profile section are significantly improved, and the problems of profile deformation and excessive stress are effectively promoted. The extrusion experiment proves the rationality of the extrusion mold structure, which can provide a reference for the design of the same type of aluminum profile extrusion die.

基金项目：

广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B010186002)

刘国勇（1969-），男，博士，副教授

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