锻压技术

基于数值模拟的20MnCr5钢薄壁壳体挤压工艺

英文标题：Extrusion process on 20MnCr5 steel thin-walled shell based on numerical simulation

作者：汪勇1 倪志兵2

分类号：TG376.3

出版年,卷(期):页码：2023,48(9):89-97

摘要：

以一种复杂薄壁壳体为研究对象，为解决其切削加工生产中材料切除量大、浪费严重的问题，实现近净成形，提出了一种多工位挤压配合少量切削的新工艺方案，材料利用率从35.49%增长至90.54%。通过Deform3D软件对3种不同冷挤压方案的制坯过程进行了数值模拟，对零件充填结果、金属流线形态、挤压成形力、等效应力等进行了全方位的对比。结果表明：采用方案1时，不仅能够有效地控制缺陷，使各工位零件成形质量较好、充填饱满，而且最大挤压成形力也要更小些。最后，进行了现场挤压试验，与模拟试验结果吻合，所有薄壁壳体均填充饱满，成形外观好，无刮花、裂纹等缺陷，尺寸检测结果均在要求范围内。

For a complex thin-walled shell, in order to solve the problem of large amount of material removal and serious waste in cutting production and realize the near net forming, a new process scheme of multi-station extrusion combined with a small amount of cutting was proposed, and the material utilization rate increased from 35.49% to 90.54%. Then, the blank-making processes of three different cold extrusion schemes were numerically simulated by software Deform-3D, and the filling effect of parts, streamline state, extrusion force and equivalent stress were compared in an all-round way. The results show that when the scheme 1 is adopted, not only the defects are effectively controlled, but also the forming quality of parts at each station is better, the filling is full, and the maximum extrusion force is also smaller. Finally, the on-site extrusion test was carried out, and the test results are consistent with the simulation test results. All the thin-walled shells are fully filled, the formed appearance is good without defects such as scratches and cracks, and the dimensional test results are within the required range.

基金项目：

江苏省高校自然科学研究项目（19KJB430025）

作者简介：汪勇（1986-），男，硕士，高级实验师 E-mail：hiwangyong@126.com

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