锻压技术

基于DEFORM-3D的高压油轨热锻工艺数值模拟及晶粒度预测

英文标题：Numerical simulation and grain size prediction on hot forging process of high-pressure oil rail based on DEFORM-3D

作者：吴思远1 2 董莹1 2 邵恒睿1 2 边润雨1 2 庄晓伟3 孙伟3 章建军3 钱陈豪1 2

单位：1.江南大学机械工程学院 2.江苏省食品先进制造装备技术重点实验室 3.江苏龙城精锻集团有限公司

分类号：TG316；TG115.21

出版年,卷(期):页码：2024,49(1):38-46

摘要：

基于DEFORM-3D软件对高压油轨的热锻工艺进行了数值模拟，通过对成形载荷曲线、温度场、等效应力场、等效应变场的分析，预测了热锻过程中锻件的晶粒度，并制定了高压油轨的热锻工艺参数。结果表明：在加热坯料至1150 ℃后预锻，机械式压床压机速率为每秒0.5周期的下压条件下，型腔充填饱满、锻件晶粒度均匀。通过实际热锻实验、金相实验以及Image-Pro Plus软件，验证了模拟中对于锻件晶粒度预测的准确性，锻后锻件主体的晶粒度为7～8级，晶粒致密、均匀，锻后通过固溶处理，提高了零件强度，改善了塑性和韧性。证实了在该工艺方案下能够得到充型良好、组织均匀的锻件，对高压油轨的实际热锻生产有着指导意义。

Based on software DEFORM-3D, the numerical simulation of hot forging process for high-pressure oil rail was conducted. Then, by analyzing the forming load curves, temperature field, equivalent stress field and equivalent strain field, the grain size of forgings during the hot forging process was predicted, and the hot forging process parameters for high-pressure oil rail were formulated. The results show that under the pressing conditions of pre-forging after heating the billet to 1150 ℃ and pressing rate of mechanical press of 0.5 cycles per second, the mold cavity is fully filled and the grain size of forgings is uniform. Through actual hot forging experiments metallographic experiments and Image-Pro Plus software, the accuracy of grain size prediction for forgings in the simulation is verified. After forging, the main grain size of forgings is grade 7 to 8, and the grains are dense and uniform. Through solid solution treatment, the strength of part is increased, and the plasticity and toughness are improved. It is confirmed that under this process plan, the forgings with good mold filling and uniform organization can be obtained, which has guiding significance for the actual hot forging production of high-pressure oil rails.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金资助项目（51905215）；山东省重点研发计划项目（2019JZZY020111）

作者简介：吴思远（1999-），男，硕士研究生 E-mail：1326453598@qq.com 通信作者：钱陈豪（1987-），男，博士，副教授 E-mail：qianch@jiangnan.edu.cn

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