锻压技术

不同结构形式的航空铝合金自冲铆接接头的静失效行为

英文标题：Static failure behavior on self-piercing riveting joints for aviation aluminum alloy with different structural forms

作者：孙毅刚陈大伟扈启晟刘文权

单位：中国民航大学

关键词：航空铝合金自冲铆接力学响应断裂失效微观损伤

分类号：V261

出版年,卷(期):页码：2024,49(3):127-135

摘要：

采用自冲铆接技术制备了5052铝合金在凸底和平底两种模具下的铆接结构。通过改变板材的搭接形式，开展了自冲铆接接头在拉伸-剪切和剥离载荷作用下的力学响应及失效行为分析。结果表明：薄板作为上板铆接可以承受更高的剪切载荷并可增大失效位移。当板厚相同时，平底模具接头的抗剪切能力和抗剥离能力优于凸底模具接头。从宏观角度，凸底模具接头的失效形式主要为纽帽粘附铆钉底部从下板拔出失效，同时有上板断裂失效形式出现；平底模具接头的失效形式为拉脱失效以及上板轻微撕裂而导致的铆钉嵌入下板失效。从微观角度，平底模具剥离接头以上板在铆口的剪切断裂为主要失效原因；对于薄板作为上板的凸底模具单搭接头，失效机理为上板的微孔聚集型韧性断裂；其余因铆钉拔出而失效的接头，其下板铆口处呈现显著的刮擦形貌。

The riveting structures of 5052 aluminum alloy were prepared by self-piercing riveting (SPR) technique under convex bottom die and flat bottom die, and the mechanical response and failure behavior of SPR joints under tensile-shear and peeling load were analyzed by changing the lap form of sheets. The results show that the SPR joints with thinner sheet riveted as the upper sheet can bear higher shear load and increase failure displacement. When the sheet thickness is the same, the shear resistance and peeling resistance of the joints with flat bottom die are better than that of the joints with convex bottom die. From the macroscopic point of view, the main failure mode of joints with convex bottom die is that the button is pulled out from the lower sheet adhering to the bottom of rivet. At the same time, there is failure mode of upper sheet fracture. The failure modes of joints with flat bottom die are pull-out failure and rivet embedded in the lower sheet caused by slight tearing of the upper sheet. From the microscopic point of view, the shear fracture of the upper sheet around the riveting position is the main failure cause of the peeling joint with flat bottom die. When the thinner sheet is riveted as the upper sheet, the fracture mechanism of the single-lap joint with convex bottom die is microporous aggregate ductile fracture of the upper sheet. The other joints that failured due to rivet pulling out show significant scratching appearance at the riveting position of the lower sheet.

基金项目：

中央高校基金资助项目（3122019082）

作者简介：孙毅刚（1963-），男，博士，教授，E-mail：ygsun@cauc.edu.cn；通信作者：刘文权（1989-），男，博士，讲师，E-mail：wqliu@cauc.edu.cn

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