锻压技术

铝合金自冲铆接接头变形特性与疲劳失效机制

英文标题：Deformation characteristic and fatigue failure mechanism on self-piercing riveting joints for aluminium alloy

作者：张先炼张青扶文生田茂涛

单位：长江大学机械工程学院

分类号：TG316.3

出版年,卷(期):页码：2024,49(8):115-124

摘要：

针对同种铝合金自冲铆接接头开展疲劳试验研究，结合断口分析和疲劳变形分析，探究接头的高周疲劳失效机制与变形特性。结果表明：自冲铆接接头在承载过程中，单搭结构受二次弯曲效应影响，上板末端出现明显翘曲变形。高周疲劳试验中存在上板断裂和下板断裂两种疲劳失效形式，上板断口存在多处疲劳源，裂纹在上板底面萌生，呈发散状逐渐扩展至顶面；下板断口的两处疲劳源所处区域对称分布，以一侧为主扩展源区，且末端呈现出瞬间断裂特征。阶段中止疲劳试验结果与变形特征表明，疲劳裂纹萌生寿命显著高于裂纹扩展寿命；疲劳变形程度随载荷水平的提高越严重，在疲劳变形曲线的稳定增长阶段，接头变形量与疲劳寿命之间具有线性特征。

The fatigue tests for the self-piercing riveting (SPR) joints of similar aluminium alloy were carried out, and the fracture analysis and fatigue deformation analysis were conducted to explore the high-cycle fatigue failure mechanism and deformation characteristics of joints. The results show that during the load-bearing process of SPR joints, the single lap structure is affected by the secondary bending effect, resulting in significant warping deformation at the end of upper plate. In high-cycle fatigue tests, there are two types of fatigue failure modes, namely, upper plate fracture and lower plate fracture. There are several fatigue sources on the upper plate fracture, and the crack initiates at the bottom of upper plate, gradually extends to the top surface in a divergent manner. The two fatigue sources of the lower plate fracture are symmetrically distributed in the region, with one side as the main extended source area, and the end shows instantaneous fracture characteristics. The results and deformation characteristics of the stage suspension fatigue test indicate that the initiation life of fatigue crack is significantly longer than the propagation life of crack. The degree of fatigue deformation becomes more serious with the increasing of load level. In the stable growth stage of the fatigue deformation curve, there is a linear characteristic between the deformation amount of joint and the fatigue life.

基金项目：

湖北省自然科学基金资助项目(2023AFB303)；湖北省工业物联网智能传感工程技术研究中心开放课题(KZX202205)

作者简介：张先炼（1992-），男，博士，讲师，硕士研究生导师 E-mail：xlianzhang@yangtzeu.edu.cn

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