锻压技术

压铸机双曲肘合模机构刚柔耦合式运动特性优化

英文标题：Optimization on rigidity-flexibility coupling motion characteristics for hyperbolic elbow clamping mechanism in die-casting machine

作者：王昌1 张智铖1 张立良2 魏延峰3 宋红燕3

单位：1.内蒙古科技大学机械工程学院 2.莱芜钢铁集团银山型钢有限公司 3.山东钢铁股份有限公司莱芜分公司型钢厂

关键词：热室压铸机双曲肘合模机构刚柔耦合运动特性锁模力

分类号：TH113

出版年,卷(期):页码：2024,49(10):137-142

摘要：

热室压铸机的生产效率、使用寿命及压铸件的成形质量受到其合模机构性能的影响。采用多软件协同创建法，利用Ansys软件将十字架、撑杆、后曲肘、前曲肘、拉杆作为柔性体，导入到Adams软件中进行刚柔耦合动力学分析，研究弹性变形对合模机构锁模精度和运动特性的影响。通过对比刚体系统与刚柔耦合系统仿真得到的锁模力和动模板位移、速度、加速度曲线发现，刚柔耦合系统的锁模力大于刚体系统，最大位移差值为0.573 mm，刚柔耦合系统在启动阶段和模具碰撞后速度发生波动，加速度峰值高达1282.2549 mm·s-2。加速度峰值过高会导致运动副中动载荷较大，十字架驱动速度的输入方案严重影响了合模机构的运动特性。因此，提出采用正弦曲线加速、中途高速运动、余弦曲线减速、最终低速运动的驱动优化方案来完成合模运动。优化结果表明：速度变化平稳，加速度峰值减小至237.0416 mm·s-2，较优化前减小了81.51%，有效优化了合模机构的运动特性，降低了运动副的磨损。

The production efficiency and service life of hot chamber die-casting machine, and the forming quality of die-casting part are influenced by the performance of its clamping mechanism. Therefore, using the multi software collaborative creation method, the crosshead rod, brace, rear elbow, front elbow and pull rod were taken as flexible bodies by software Ansys, which was import into the software Adams for rigid-flexible coupling dynamic analysis, and the influences of elastic deformation on the locking accuracy and motion characteristics of clamping mechanism were studied. Then, by comparing the locking force and dynamic template displacement, velocity and acceleration curves obtained from the simulation of rigid body system and rigid-flexible coupling system, the locking force of the rigid-flexible coupling system was greater than that of the rigid body system, with a maximum displacement difference of 0.573 mm, and the velocity of the rigid-flexible coupling system fluctuated during the start-up phase after collision with mold, with a peak acceleration of 1282.2549 mm·s-2. Furthermore, the high peak acceleration led to a large dynamic load in the motion pair, and the input scheme of the drive speed for crosshead rod seriously affected the motion characteristics of clamping mechanism. In addition, a drive optimization scheme by using sine curve acceleration, high-speed motion midway, cosine curve deceleration and finally low-speed motion was proposed to complete the mold clamping motion. The optimization results show that the speed changes smoothly, and the peak acceleration decreases to 237.0416 mm·s-2, which is 81.51% less than that before optimization, effectively optimizing the motion characteristics of clamping mechanism and reducing the wear of motion pair.

基金项目：

内蒙古自然科学基金资助项目（2022LHMS05001）

作者简介：王昌（1967-），男，硕士，教授,E-mail：wangchang888@sina.com;通信作者：张智铖（1999-），男，硕士研究生,E-mail：2021023240@stu.imust.edu.cn

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