The true stress-true strain curve of TB6 titanium alloy was obtained by conducting thermal simulation compression experiments with different parameters on TB6 titanium alloy bars, and the microstructure evolution law of the two-phase region for TB6 titanium alloy under different deformation temperatures (700-790 ℃), strain rates (0.001-1 s-1), and the recrystallization behavior under certain deformation conditions (760 ℃, 0.1 s-1) were compared and analyzed when the equivalent stain was 0.9. The results show that excessive deformation temperature leads to an increase in the number of α to β phase transition, and the appropriate deformation temperature is 700-760 ℃. The flow stress is positively correlated with the strain rate, and the increasing of flow stress delays the kinetic process of dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization, which is not conducive to the precise plastic forming of forgings. The appropriate strain rate is 0.001-0.1 s-1. The increasing of deformation amount can promote the recrystallization and spheroidization of the elongated α phase into the equiaaxial grain, but it is not conducive to the toughness of alloy, and the appropriate deformation amount is about 40%. Under the conditions of the deformation temperature of 760 ℃ and the strain rate of 0.1 s-1, the proportion of large, medium and small angle grain boundaries is about 8.6%, 31.7% and 59.8%, respectively. The recrystallization fractions of α and β phases are about 14.8% and 4.99%, respectively. In some directions, both grain structures exhibit strong texture. The unstable region of thermal deformation for TB6 titanium alloy two-phase region is mainly concentrated in the region with the deformation temperature of 700-760 ℃ and the strain rate of 0.01832-1 s-1, and the corresponding thermal processing diagrams are drawn further.