锻压技术

6014铝合金尾门外板成形工艺分析及回弹控制

英文标题：Forming process analysis and springback control of 6014 aluminum alloy tailgate outer plate

作者：彭金明1 2 刘智彬3 余海燕1 马坚2 陈政2

单位：1.同济大学汽车学院 2.江铃汽车股份有限公司 3.江西交通职业技术学院机电工程学院

分类号：TG385.2

出版年,卷(期):页码：2025,50(1):83-91

摘要：

针对铝合金件回弹量大导致工艺参数法难以控制尾门外板回弹的问题。首先，通过单向拉伸测试，获得6014铝合金的力学性能参数，再基于Ludwik公式拟合材料的流变曲线，转换得到用于Autoform软件分析的材料卡片，然后，借助Autoform软件完成冲压件成形仿真，对尾门外板进行全工序CAE成形模拟。分析了铝板回弹的原因，运用有限元软件Autoform对回弹进行预测分析，采用模面补偿技术，对成形工艺模面进行迭代补偿，将回弹控制在公差范围内。采用补偿后的成形工艺模面进行后续冲压试制，生产出了合格的冲压件。

The large springback amount of aluminum alloy make it difficult to control the springback of tailgate outer plate by the process parameter method. The mechanical property parameters of 6014 aluminum alloy were obtained by unidirectional tensile testing. Meanwhile, the rheological curve of the material was fitted based on the Ludwik formula, and the material card for the analysis of Autoform software was converted. After that, the forming simulation of the stamping parts was completed with the help of Autoform software, and the CAE forming simulation of the tailgate outer plate was carried out in the whole process. The causes of aluminum plate springback were analyzed, and the Autoform was used to predict and analyze the springback, and the die surface compensation technology was adopted to iteratively compensate the die surface of the forming process, so that the springback could be controlled within the tolerance range. The compensated forming process die surface was used for stamping trial-manufacture and the qualified stamped parts were produced.

基金项目：

江西省交通运输厅科技项目（2022H0048）

作者简介：彭金明（1990-），男，硕士研究生，工程师 E-mail：799877661@qq.com 通信作者：余海燕(1976-)，女，博士，教授 E-mail：yuhaiyan@tongji.edu.cn

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