锻压技术

喷丸强化对提高汽车扭力梁疲劳寿命的研究

英文标题：Research on the influence of shot peening strengthening on improving the fatigue life of torsion beam of auto

单位：1.华东交通大学载运工具与装备教育部重点实验室 2.江西昌河汽车有限责任公司

分类号：

出版年,卷(期):页码：2016,41(4):115-121

摘要：

随着汽车轻量化的发展趋势，扭力梁后桥以其独有的特点被广泛应用于紧凑型轿车，但在其应用中，存在横梁处应力高、易产生疲劳等缺点。以U型扭力梁后桥为研究对象，介绍了悬架的种类，以及弯曲、扭转疲劳实验设备和台架实验方案；选取实验得出的相对较优的喷丸工艺，对轻量化设计的扭力梁后桥横梁进行喷丸强化；并对喷丸前后的扭力梁后桥分别进行弯曲、扭转疲劳实验，研究了喷丸强化对扭力梁后桥横梁处弯曲、扭转疲劳特性的影响。结果表明，喷丸强化能够明显提高扭力梁后桥的疲劳寿命，尤其是扭转疲劳寿命，在S=±30 mm、S=±40 mm两种位移负荷水平下，喷丸强化扭力梁疲劳寿命分别为未强化试样的2倍和4倍。最后，从喷丸强化后试件的微观组织、应力变化、硬度和裂纹源及其扩展这4个方面分析了喷丸强化提高扭力梁后桥横梁疲劳寿命的原因。

With the trend of automotive lightweighting, the torsion beam rear axle is widely used in compact cars owing to its unique characteristics. However, the beam has shortcomings such as high stress and easy fatigue failure. For U type torsion beam rear axle, the suspension types，equipment of bending and torsion fatigue tests as well as bench tests plan were introduced. Then, the torsion beam rear axle crossbeam after lightweight design was strengthen by relative optimal shot peening technology, and the bending and torsion fatigue tests of the torsion beam rear axle before and after shot peening were conducted. Furthermore,the influences of shot peening strengthening on bending and torsion fatigue characteristics of the torsion beam rear axle crossbeam were researched. The results show that the fatigue life, especially the torsion fatigue life, can be improved significantly by shot peening strengthening. Under the two displacement load conditions of S=±30 mm and S=±40 mm, the torsion fatigue life of torsion beam rear axle crossbeam is strengthened by 2 and 4 times. Finally，the reasons of fatigue life of torsion beam strengthened by shot peening were analyzed from four aspects of microstructure，stress change，hardness，source of crack and extension for shot peening strengthened sample.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金资助项目(51565014)；江西省高等学校科技落地计划项目(KJLD13035)；江西省赣鄱英才555工程领军人才培养计划（赣才字［2012］1号）

黄志超（1971-），男，博士，教授

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