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摘要：
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为研究选区激光熔化技术制备复杂金属零部件的最小结构尺寸和精度，设计了结构尺寸为0.3，0.4和0.5 mm的3种316L不锈钢金属镂空件，在具有完全自主产权的TB100激光选区熔化设备上进行实验，采用常规工艺参数（扫描间距为0.11 mm，扫描速度为640 mm·s-1,激光功率为160 W）制备3种样品，获得了产品尺寸精度和形状精度，借助于金相显微镜、扫描电镜等设备，分析了样品组织和缺陷形式。研究表明：在此工艺参数下，可以获得最小尺寸为0.3 mm的316L不锈钢镂空零件，产品尺寸精度误差为0.02 mm；样品内部结构孔隙、氢气孔和氮气孔多，存在严重的球化现象，改用氩气为保护气体可减少气泡缺陷。
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In order to study the minimum structure size and precision of the complex metal parts produced by selective laser melting technology, three 316L stainless steel hollow parts with structure size 0.3，0.4 and 0.5 mm were designed, and the three hollow parts were manufactured by laser selective melting equipment TB100 with completely independent property rights. Then, the dimensional precision and shape precision of the product were obtained by traditional process parameters with scanning spacing 0.11 mm, scanning speed 640 mm·s-1 and laser power 160 W, and the sample organization and defects were analyzed by microscope and SEM. The results show that the 316L stainless steel hollow parts with the smallest size 0.3 mm can be manufactured by the above traditional parameters, and the error of product is 0.02 mm. However, there are many pores, hydrogen pores, nitrogen pores and serious spheroidization in the samples. Thus, the argon is chosen as a protective gas to reduce bubble defects.
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基金项目：
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安徽省重点研究与开发项目（1704a0902056）；安徽省高校省级质量工程项目(2017mooc092)；芜湖市科技成果转化项目（2018cg06）
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作者简介：
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潘露（1985-），男，硕士，讲师
E-mail：ahjdpanlu@126.com
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