锻压技术

S136钢塑胶外壳模具使用开裂失效分析

英文标题：Analysis on crack failure of plastic shell mold for S136 steel

作者：金林奎周斌欧海龙刘标米勇

单位：广东省东莞市质量监督检测中心国家模具产品质量监督检验中心东莞汇美模具制造股份有限公司

分类号：TG147

出版年,卷(期):页码：2018,43(10):122-128

摘要：

S136钢塑胶外壳模具在使用过程中发生早期开裂，为了查找模具开裂失效的原因，采用直读光谱仪、数显洛氏硬度计、光学显微镜、扫描电镜及能谱仪，对模具失效件的化学成分、断口形貌及显微组织进行检测和分析。检测结果表明，模具开裂的主要原因是由于模具工作面直角台阶处无R角，在使用过程中模具承受冲击载荷，造成直角台阶处应力集中开裂。模具材料的基体组织中带状碳化物严重，降低了模具材料的横向抗拉强度。同时，带状碳化物条间应力分布不均匀，以及粗针状回火马氏体的影响，使得显微组织产生了沿晶开裂的内裂纹，材料强度大幅度降低。在查找到模具开裂失效的原因后，对存在的问题进行优化和改进。改进后的模具使用寿命得到大幅度提升，有效增加了企业经济效益。

The plastic shell mold of S136 steel cracks early during application. In order to find the cause of mold cracking failure, the chemical composition, fracture morphology and microstructure of mold failure parts were detected and analyzed by direct reading spectrograph, digital Rockwell hardness tester, optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and energy spectrometer. The test results show that the main reason for mold cracking is that there is no Rangle at the rightangled step of the mold working face, and the mold withstands the impact load during application resulting in stress concentration and cracking at the rightangled step. Thus, the banded carbide in the matrix stucture of the mold material is severe, which reduces the transverse tensile strength of the mold material. At the same time, the uneven stress distribution between banded carbides and the influence of coarse needlelike tempered martensite make the internal cracks of intergranular cracking occur in the microstructure, and the material strength is greatly reduced. After finding the cause of mold cracking failure, the existing problems were optimized and improved. Thus, the service life of the improved mold is greatly improved, and the economic benefits of company is effectively increased.

基金项目：

广东省科技计划创新项目（509197766117）

金林奎(1966-)，男，硕士，高级工程师，E-mail：jinlinkui@foxmail.com

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