锻压技术

复合时效消除工件残余应力的工艺研究

英文标题：Study on process of eliminating workpiece residual stress with composite aging

作者：毛建中郭灵智周慧宋建力

分类号：TG156.92

出版年,卷(期):页码：2018,43(10):151-156

摘要：

在工程应用中，为了提高工件的使用性能，需要对其进行淬火工艺处理，且后续不进行回火或退火以满足某些特殊的要求。针对45号钢淬火后表面残余应力较大导致出现大变形的现象，提出一种逐层切削和振动时效相结合的复合时效方案，以达到最大限度地消除表面残余应力的目的。首先利用Abaqus有限元软件对45号钢淬火工艺进行热应力场分析和振动时效仿真分析，并通过试验利用盲孔法测量了淬火工艺后表面残余应力和复合时效优化方案后表面残余应力的大小。结果表明，该方案下工件的残余应力平均降低了约70%，从而验证了该方案的有效性，为工件残余应力的消除提供了一种新的工艺方法。

In engineering applications, the quenching process is necessary to improve the performance of workpiece without carrying out tempering or annealing to meet certain special requirements. For the phenomenon of large deformation caused by residual stress on the surface of 45 steel after quenching，a composite aging scheme combining layerbylayer cutting and vibration aging was proposed to realize the goal of maximally eliminating the surface residual stress. Firstly，the thermal stress field and vibration aging of quenching process for 45 steel were numerically analyzed by finite element software Abaqus, and the surface residual stresses after quenching process and composite aging of optimized scheme were measured by blind hole method respectively. The results show that the residual stress of workpiece produced by the proposed scheme is lower about 70%，and the effectiveness of the proposed scheme is verified to provide a new process method for eliminating the residual stress of workpiece.

基金项目：

大型先进压水堆核电站重大科技专项子课题（2013ZX06004009）

毛建中（1963-），男，博士，教授，E-mail：maojianzhong66@163.com；通讯作者：郭灵智（1992-），男，硕士研究生，E-mail：2361502684@qq.com

参考文献：

[1]任泉庄，黄峰，郭正洪.中碳淬火-配分钢中的残余应力分布[J].金属热处理，2016 , 41 (10):1-5.

Ren Q Z，Huang F，Guo Z H. Distribution of residual stress in medium carbon quenchingpartitioning steel [J]. Heat Treatment of Metals，2016 , 41 (10):1-5.

[2]米谷茂，朱荆璞，邵会孟.残余应力的产生和对策[M]. 北京：机械工业出版社，1983.

Mi G M，Zhu J P，Shao H M. The Production of Residual Stress and Counter Measures[M]. Beijing: China Machine Press，1983.

[3]吕雁文，闫献国，韩晓君，等.深冷处理对 W6Mo5Cr4V2高速钢残余应力的影响[J].金属热处理，2015，40(12): 89-92.

Lyu Y W, Yan X G, Han X J，et al. Effects of cryogenic treatment on residual stress of W6Mo5Cr4V2 high speed steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals，2015，40 (12): 89-92.

[4]Kim K S, Hahn H T. Residual stress development during processing of graphite/epoxy composites [J]. Composites Science and Technology, 1989, 36(2): 121-132.

[5]Torres M A S, Voorwald H J C. An evaluation of shot peening, residual stress and stress relaxation on the fatigue life of AISI 4340 steel[J]. International Journal of Fatigue, 2002, 24(8): 877-886.

[6]Park J D, Saka M. Use of cavitating jet for introducing compressive residual stress[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, 2000, 122(1): 83-89.

[7]Jiang W, Gong J, Chen H, et al. The effect of filler metal thickness on residual stress and creep for stainlesssteel platefin structure[J]. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 2008, 85(8): 569-574.

[8]Withers P J, Bhadeshia H. Residual stress: Part 2-Nature and origins[J]. Materials Science and Technology, 2001, 17(4): 366-375.

[9]Rendler N J, Vigness I. Holedrilling straingage method of measuring residual stresses[J]. Experimental Mechanics, 1966, 6(12): 577-586.

[10]孙丰华，房德馨.振动时效消除金属构件残余应力效果检测[J]. 大连理工大学学报，1994，34(4): 390-393.

Sun F H，Fang D X. Test of residual stress on welded structures under vibratory stress relief [J]. Journal of Dalian University of Technology，1994，34 (4): 390-393.

[11]饶德林，朱政强，葛景国，等.振动时效消除拼焊不锈钢板的残余应力[J].振动与冲击，2005，24(2):140-142.

Rao D L，Zhu Z Q，Ge J G，et al. Vibratory stress relief of welded stainless steel plate [J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock，2005，24 (2): 140-142.

[12]李亚非，狄欧.振动时效去除铝合金锻件残余应力效果的研究[J].热加工工艺，2015，44(24): 222-225.

Li Y F, Di O. Research on effects of vibration aging on removal of residual stress in aluminum alloy forgings [J]. Hot Working Technology，2015，44 (24): 222-225.

[13]刘晓丹，陶兴华，韩振强.振动时效工艺在消除膨胀波纹管残余应力中的应用[J].振动与冲击，2015，34(4):171-174.

Liu X D, Tao X H, Han Z Q. Application of vibratory stress relief in relaxation of residual stress for expandable corrugated liners [J].Journal of Vibration and Shock，2015，34 (4): 171-174.

[14]郭兰中，李新勇.振动时效消除残余应力的机理及应用[J]. 兰州工业学院学报，2005，12(2): 39-42.

Guo L Z, Li X Y. The mechanism and application of relieving residual stress in libration [J]. Journal of Lanzhou Institute of Technology，2005，12 (2): 39-42.

[15]张坦,李新和,骆亚洲,等.工艺参数对薄壁筒变薄旋压的表面残余应力的影响[J].锻压技术,2017,42(1):47-53.

Zhang T, Li X H, Luo Y Z, et al. Influence of process parameters on surface residual stress of thinwalled cylinder thinning and spinning[J].Forging & Stamping Technology, 2017, 42(1):47-53.

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【加入收藏】