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SWCH10A钢塞子装配过程断裂失效分析
英文标题:Failure analysis on fracture of SWCH10A steel plug in the assembling process
作者:金林奎 周斌 黄持伟 朱志兵 杜水明 
单位:广东省东莞市质量监督检测中心  国家模具产品质量监督检验中心 株洲中车天力锻业有限公司 
关键词:纤维组织 条状珠光体 应力开裂 韧窝断口 解理断口 
分类号:TG147
出版年,卷(期):页码:2018,43(11):160-172
摘要:

采用火花放电直读光谱仪、数显维氏硬度计、光学显微镜以及扫描电镜,对SWCH10A钢塞子断裂失效件的化学成分、表面硬度、断口形貌及显微组织进行检测和分析。结果表明,塞子失效件断口形成于法兰与螺杆交界的凹槽部位,裂纹源起始于凹槽表面,终断区结束于螺杆圆孔。在法兰内孔及螺杆圆孔表面,都存在冷镦变形的纤维状组织,造成沿变形流线开裂的应力开裂裂纹。由于塞子零件凹槽表面机加工粗糙,表面粗糙刀痕存在极大的应力集中,因而裂纹优先在凹槽表面的粗糙刀痕间形成,产生应力集中的多源台阶裂纹。随着螺纹拧紧过程的旋转扭矩力的作用,断口沿人字纹环形扩展延伸,最终造成零件的整体断裂。零件表面的变形珠光体条带间及应力开裂裂纹,会进一步增加断口的扩展进程。
 

The chemical composition, surface hardness, fracture morphology and microstructure of SWCH10A steel plug rupture failure parts were detected and analyzed by spark discharge direct reading spectrometer, digital Vickers hardness tester, optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. The results show that the fracture surface of plug failure parts is formed in the groove of flange and screw junction, and the crack source starts at the surface of groove and the terminating region ends at the screw hole. On the surface of the flange hole and the screw hole, there is fibrous tissue of cold heading deformation that results in stress cracking cracks along the deformation streamline. Due to the rough machining on the groove surface of plug part, a great stress concentration exists on the rough surface marks, and the cracks are preferentially formed between the rough cut marks on the surface of groove to generate stress-concentrated multi-source step cracks. With the rotation of the screw tightening torque, the fracture extends along the Herringbone ring and eventually results in the fracture of the overall part. However, the deformed pearlite tape and stress cracking cracks on the surface of
parts improve the fracture expansion process further.

基金项目:
广东省东莞市产学研合作项目(201550910500294)
作者简介:
金林奎(1966-),男,硕士,高级工程师,E-mail:jinlinkui@foxmail.com
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