锻压技术

基于落锤压溃试验高强钢材料吸能特性分析

英文标题：Analysis on energy absorption characteristics of high strength steel based on drop hammer crush test

作者：张伟李春光魏福林刘立现杨建炜陈庆

单位：首钢集团有限公司

关键词：高强钢吸能变形模式强度落锤压溃试验

分类号：U465.1+1

出版年,卷(期):页码：2019,44(3):169-174

摘要：

选取双相高强钢DP590D+Z、DP780D+Z、DP980D+Z作为研究对象，基于高速拉伸试验对3种高强钢材料的动态力学性能进行对比分析，获取应变速率变化对材料力学性能的影响；基于高强钢材料薄壁梁结构落锤压溃试验，对材料的吸能特性进行分析，对比同一种材料不同冲击速度的吸能特性以及不同材料相同冲击工况的吸能特性。结果可知：随着材料强度增加，力学性能对应变速率敏感性降低，能量吸收对应变速率敏感性降低；当压溃试样的吸能比高于0.95时，试样变形模式表现为压溃褶皱变形，此时试验准确反应材料的吸能特性；相同冲击条件下，材料强度增加，材料吸能比和比吸能均有所下降，平均载荷较大，极限载荷较小，载荷比较大，表明材料的承载力波动较小，表现出更好的承载特性；材料帽形梁结构的力学和吸能特性变化规律与原材料一致，可以作为车身设计选材的参考依据。

For duplex high-strength steel DP590D+Z, DP780D+Z and DP980D+Z, based on high-speed tensile test, the dynamic mechanical properties of three high-strength steel materials were compared and analyzed, and the influences of the strain rate change on the mechanical properties of the materials were obtained. Then, based on the drop hammer crush test of the thin-walled beam structure of high-strength steel material, the energy absorption characteristics of the material were analyzed, and the energy absorption characteristics of different impact speeds of the same material and the different materials under the same impact conditions were compared. The results show that as the strength of the material increases, the sensitivity of the mechanical properties corresponding to strain rate decreases. When the energy absorption ratio of the crushed sample is higher than 0.95, the deformation mode of the sample is crushed and wrinkled deformation. At this time, the test can accurately reflect the energy absorption characteristics of materials. Under the same impact condition, the material strength increases, and the energy absorption ratio and specific energy-absorbing of the material decrease, the average load is larger, the ultimate load is smaller, and the load is larger, which indicate the bearing capacity of the material fluctuates less and exhibit the better bearing characteristics. Thus, the change law of mechanics and energy absorption characteristics of materials with cap-beam structure is consistent with the raw material, which can be used as a reference for the materials selection of body design.

基金项目：

张伟（1986-），男，博士，工程师，E-mail：zhangw@shougang.com.cn

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