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摘要：
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通过运用设计的3种新型等通道转角挤压模具，结合现有关于等通道转角挤压的研究，对304奥氏体不锈钢材料进行三维有限元模拟，研究了挤压过程中的载荷曲线变化、等效应力以及等效应变分布。结果表明，挤压方式的改变不会影响凸模载荷的大小；同时，对比了3种不同挤压方式下模具的等效应力、等效应变后发现，旋转90°工艺的等通道转角挤压模具的等效应力值最小，使其在转角处发生拉毛的概率最小，对模具损伤也最小，并且其等效应变值最大，对试样的细化效果最好。最后，通过采取点跟踪的方式绘制应变点循迹图，更直观地论述了旋转90°工艺的等通道转角挤压模具更具有实用价值，也为今后开发实用型的等通道转角挤压模具的设计提供了理论支撑。
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Three dimensional finite element simulation of 304 austenite stainless steel was conducted by using three kinds of new equal channel angular pressing molds and combining with the existing research on equal channel angular pressing, and the change of load curve and the distributions of equivalent stress and equivalent strain in the extrusion process were studied. The results show that the change of extrusion mode does not affect the load of punch. At the same time, compared with the equivalent stress and equivalent strain of mold under three different extrusion modes, it is found that the equivalent stress value of equal channel angular pressing mold with rotating 90° is the smallest to obtain the smallest probability of hair drawing at the rotation angle, the mold damage is the smallest, and the equivalent strain value is maximum to cause the refinement effect. Finally, the strain point tracking diagram is drawn by means of point tracking to expound intuitively the equal channel angular pressing mold with rotating 90° process to have more practical value, which also provides theoretical support for the development of practical equal channel angular pressing mold design in the future.
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基金项目：
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地区科学基金项目资助(51665028)
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作者简介：
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段红燕（1978-），女，博士，副教授，E-mail：duanhy@lut.cn；通讯作者：王丽文（1990-), 男，硕士研究生，E-mail：872835656@qq.com
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