锻压技术

锻造工艺对Zr-4合金管坯微观结构、力学性能和耐腐蚀性能的影响

英文标题：Influence of forging process on microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance property for Zr-4 alloy tube billet

作者：储林华袁改焕徐诗彤高博姚美意罗倩倩童龙刚

单位：国核宝钛锆业股份公司国家能源核级锆材研发中心陕西省核级锆材重点试验室上海大学

关键词：锆合金锻造微观结构织构第二相粒子腐蚀力学性能

分类号：TG316.2

出版年,卷(期):页码：2020,45(5):6-14

摘要：

为了研究不同锻造工艺对Zr-4合金管材组织及性能的影响，基于1火次锻坯，分别在α相区、（α+β）相区和β相区进行2火次锻造，经历相同的淬火、挤压、轧制及热处理工序后，获得3种Φ63.5 mm×10.9 mm管坯，利用OM、SEM、TEM和EBSD分析了管材试样的显微组织，在静态高压釜中进行了500 ℃和400 ℃/10.3 MPa蒸汽腐蚀试验，借助室温、高温（380 ℃）拉伸试验，对比了试样的力学性能。结果表明：2火次采用低温α相区锻造工艺，可加大锻坯组织破碎程度，实现最终管材的晶粒组织细化，从而提高了拉伸性能；第二相粒子主要沿晶界分布，晶粒细化后形成更多晶界，明显增加了第二相粒子数量，也在一定程度上改善了其分布均匀性；同时，低温锻造下的坯料表层获得更大变形，密排六方结构的管材晶粒取向发生变化，耐腐蚀性能更优的试样的柱面法向垂直于管材轧制方向。第二相粒子和织构两个方面因素的共同作用，使得Zr-4合金管材的耐腐蚀性能显著提升。

In order to study the influences of different forging processes on microstructures and properties for Zr-4 alloy tubes, based on the primary forging billet, the secondary forging was conducted in α phase, (α+β) phase and β phase areas respectively, three kinds of Φ63.5 mm×10.9 mm tube billets were obtained after undergoing the same quenching, extrusion, rolling and heat treatment processes, and the microstructures of tube samples were analyzed by OM, SEM, TEM and EBSD. Then, the steam corrosion test at 500 ℃ and 400 ℃/10.3 MPa was conducted in static autoclave respectively, and the mechanical properties of samples were compared by the tensile tests at room temperature and high temperature (380 ℃). The results show that the second forging process in α phase area at low temperature increases the fracture degree of grains for forged billets and realizes the grain refinement of final tubes to enhance the tensile properties. In addition, the second phase particles are mainly distributed along the grain boundaries, and the grain refinement also forms more grain boundaries to increase the quantity of the second phase particles and improve the distribution uniformity to a certain extent. Meanwhile, the surface layer of billet forged at low temperature gets greater deformation, the grain orientation of hcp structure tube changes, and the normal direction for cylinder surface of sample with better corrosion resistance property is perpendicular to the rolling direction of tube. Thus, the comprehensive effects of the second phase particles and texture improve the corrosion resistance property of Zr-4 alloy tubes significantly.

基金项目：

国家科技重大专项（2015ZX06004-001）

储林华（1984-），男，工学博士，高级工程师，E-mail：chulinhuascu@163.com

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