锻压技术

汽车前防撞梁热冲压结构改进与数值模拟

英文标题：Numerical simulation and structure improvement of hot stamping for automobile front anti-collision beam

作者：陈泽中周燕芳隋鹏远吴俊成

单位：上海理工大学

分类号：TG306

出版年,卷(期):页码：2020,45(7):58-65

摘要：

为了得到适用于热冲压成形的前防撞梁结构，基于某款SUV汽车防撞梁的冷冲压模型，提出一种结构改进方案。采用Dynaform软件对汽车前防撞梁热冲压进行数值模拟，建立热-力-相耦合的有限元模型和材料模型，分析了前防撞梁的减薄率、力学性能、温度场和微观组织分布。结果表明：改进后，板料的最大减薄率从29.47%降低至14.78%，避免了过渡圆角的开裂缺陷，成形质量显著提高。成形结束后，板料横截面的温度场呈对称分布，其中，凹模圆角处和底部中心位置的温度较高，两脊的温度较低。成形过程中，前防撞梁存在温度差，截面不同位置的冷却速率不同，所有位置的冷却速率均大于30 ℃·s-1，满足马氏体相变的条件。保压淬火结束后，板料除边缘部分外，其余部分的马氏体含量均达到100%，符合热冲压构件的强度要求。

In order to obtain the front anti-collision beam structure suitable for hot stamping, a structure improvement scheme was proposed based on the cold stamping model of a certain SUV automobile anti-collision beam, and the hot forming of automobile front anti-collision beam was simulated numerically by software Dynaform. Then, the finite element model and material model of thermo-force-phase coupling were established, and the thinning rate, mechanical properties, temperature field and microstructure distribution of front anti-collision beam were analyzed. The results show that the maximum thinning rate of sheet decreases from 29.47% to 14.78% after improvement to avoid cracking at transition fillet, and the forming quality is significantly improved. After forming, the temperature field in the cross section of sheet has a symmetric distribution, the temperatures at the die fillet and the bottom center are higher, and the temperatures of two ridges are lower. However, during the forming process, there is a temperature difference in the front anti-collision beam, the different cooling rates at different locations of cross section are different, and the cooling rate at all locations is greater than 30 ℃·s-1 to meet the condition of martensitic transformation. After the pressure-holding quenching, except for the edge part of sheet, the martensite content of other parts reaches 100% to meet the strength requirements of hot stamping parts.

基金项目：

陈泽中（1971-），男，博士，副教授 E-mail：zzchen@usst.edu.cn 通讯作者：周燕芳（1995-），女，硕士研究生 E-mail：amesy_zh@163.com

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