锻压技术

汽车前防撞梁热冲压结构改进与数值模拟

英文标题：Numerical simulation and structure improvement of hot stamping for automobile front anti-collision beam

作者：陈泽中周燕芳隋鹏远吴俊成

单位：上海理工大学

分类号：TG306

出版年,卷(期):页码：2020,45(7):58-65

摘要：

为了得到适用于热冲压成形的前防撞梁结构，基于某款SUV汽车防撞梁的冷冲压模型，提出一种结构改进方案。采用Dynaform软件对汽车前防撞梁热冲压进行数值模拟，建立热-力-相耦合的有限元模型和材料模型，分析了前防撞梁的减薄率、力学性能、温度场和微观组织分布。结果表明：改进后，板料的最大减薄率从29.47%降低至14.78%，避免了过渡圆角的开裂缺陷，成形质量显著提高。成形结束后，板料横截面的温度场呈对称分布，其中，凹模圆角处和底部中心位置的温度较高，两脊的温度较低。成形过程中，前防撞梁存在温度差，截面不同位置的冷却速率不同，所有位置的冷却速率均大于30 ℃·s-1，满足马氏体相变的条件。保压淬火结束后，板料除边缘部分外，其余部分的马氏体含量均达到100%，符合热冲压构件的强度要求。

In order to obtain the front anti-collision beam structure suitable for hot stamping, a structure improvement scheme was proposed based on the cold stamping model of a certain SUV automobile anti-collision beam, and the hot forming of automobile front anti-collision beam was simulated numerically by software Dynaform. Then, the finite element model and material model of thermo-force-phase coupling were established, and the thinning rate, mechanical properties, temperature field and microstructure distribution of front anti-collision beam were analyzed. The results show that the maximum thinning rate of sheet decreases from 29.47% to 14.78% after improvement to avoid cracking at transition fillet, and the forming quality is significantly improved. After forming, the temperature field in the cross section of sheet has a symmetric distribution, the temperatures at the die fillet and the bottom center are higher, and the temperatures of two ridges are lower. However, during the forming process, there is a temperature difference in the front anti-collision beam, the different cooling rates at different locations of cross section are different, and the cooling rate at all locations is greater than 30 ℃·s-1 to meet the condition of martensitic transformation. After the pressure-holding quenching, except for the edge part of sheet, the martensite content of other parts reaches 100% to meet the strength requirements of hot stamping parts.

基金项目：

陈泽中（1971-），男，博士，副教授 E-mail：zzchen@usst.edu.cn 通讯作者：周燕芳（1995-），女，硕士研究生 E-mail：amesy_zh@163.com

参考文献：

[1]夏益新, 王娜,陈新平,等. 热冲压和液压成形技术在宝钢汽车轻量化服务中的应用及发展趋势[J]. 精密成形工程，2017，9（6）：104-110.

Xia Y X, Wang N, Chen X P, et al. Application and development trend of lightweight technology for vehicle with hot stamping and hydroforming in Baosteel [J]. Netshape Forming Engineering, 2017, 9(6): 104-110.

[2]王志超, 李永丰, 罗爱辉, 等. 硼钢热冲压模具CAE顺序耦合建模及强度校核[J].精密成形工程, 2017, 9(1): 86-90.

Wang Z C, Li Y F, Luo A H, et al. CAE sequential coupling modeling and strength checking of hot stamping die for boron steel[J]. Netshape Forming Engineering, 2017, 9(1): 86-90.

[3]刘红生, 包军,邢忠文,等. 高强钢板热冲压成形热力耦合数值模拟[J]. 材料科学与工艺, 2010, 18(5):459-463.

Liu H S, Bao J, Xing Z W, et al. Numerical simulation on channel shape hot stamping of 22MnB5 high strength sheet metal based on thermosmechanical coupled method[J]. Materials Science and Technology, 2010, 18(5):459-463.

[4]Peng C B, Muammer K. Simulation of spring back variation in forming of advanced high strength steels[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2007, 190:189-198.

[5]廖建国. 日本钢铁生产新技术介绍[J]. 中国冶金, 2004,（12）:6-38.

Liao J G. Introduction of new technology in Japanese steel production [J]. China Metallurgy, 2004,（12）:6-38.

[6]Karbasian H, Tekava A E. A review on hot stamping[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2010, 210: 2103-2118.

[7]Kuriyam Y, Takahashi M, Ohashi H. Trend of car weight reduction using high strength steel[J]. Automotive Technology, 2001, 55(4): 51-57.

[8]Lechler J, Merklein M. Hot stamping of ultrahigh strength steels as a key technology for lightweight construction[J]. Materials Science and Technology, 2008, 5(9): 1698-1709.

[9]高波. 工艺参数对硼钢热冲压成形质量影响研究[J]. 科技创新与应用, 2017,（11）: 67-68.

Gao B. Study on influence of process parameters on quality of boron steel hot stamping[J]. Technological Innovation and Application, 2017,（11）: 67-68.

[10]刘雪飞, 黄馨阅, 向相,等. 基于Dynaform的B柱加强件热冲压全流程仿真及优化[J]. 锻压技术, 2019,44(6):46-52.

Liu X F, Huang X Y, Xiang X, et al. Simulation and optimization on Bpillar reinforcing parts during hot stamping process based on Dynaform [J]. Forging & Stamping Technology, 2019,44(6):46-52.

[11]王梦寒, 冉云兰,王彦丽. 左前立柱件热冲压成形性能的研究[J]. 热加工工艺, 2013, 42(9):90-93.

Wang M H, Ran Y L, Wang Y L. Research on hot stamping formability of left front post[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2013, 42(9):90-93.

[12]张宜生, 王子健,王梁. 高强钢热冲压成形工艺及装备进展[J]. 塑性工程学报,2018,25(5):11-22.

Zhang Y S, Wang Z J, Wang L. Progress in hot stamping process and equipment for high strength steel sheet[J]. Journal of Plasticity Engineering, 2018, 25(5): 11-22.

[13]王辉, 刘莉滋, 王海宝,等.基于数值模拟的汽车冲压模具轻量化研究 [J]. 锻压技术, 2019,44(5):116-120.

Wang H, Liu L Z, Wang H B, et al. Research on lightweight of automobile stamping die based on numerical simulation [J]. Forging & Stamping Technology, 2019,44(5):116-120.

[14]Zhuang B L, Shan Z D, Jiang C, et al. Numerical simulation of hot stamping technology for automotive structural parts[A]. Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Technology of Design and Manufacture[C]. Beijing: 2010.

[15]Tobias Olsson. An LSDYAN material model for simulation of hot stamping processes of ultrahigh strength steels[A]. 7th European LSDYNA Conference [C]. Salzburg (Austria) and Bad Reichenhall (Germany): 2009.

[16]Caia Y J, Halim F S, Li G H, et al. Hot stamping simulation and austenite decomposition modeling of an automobile cross member[J]. Procedia Engineering, 2011, 15:4902-4907.

[17]Zhu L J, Gu Z W, Hong X, et al. Modeling of microstructure evaluation in 22MnB5 steel during hot stamping[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research International, 2014, 21(2):197-201.

[18]王子健, 刘晓龙,张宜生,等.高强钢热冲压成形相变模型研究[J]. 热加工工艺, 2018, 47(13): 119-122.

Wang Z J, Liu X L, Zhang Y S, et al. Study on phase transformation model of hot stamping forming of high strength steel[J]. Hot Working Technology, 2018, 47(13): 119-122.

[19]陈伟超. 基于DYNAFORM的车门防撞梁热冲压数值模拟[D]. 长春：吉林大学, 2014.

Chen W C. Simulation on Hot Stamping of Vehicle Door Anticollision Beam Based on DYNAFORM[D].Changchun: Jilin University, 2014.

[20]Turetta A, Bruschi S, Ghiotti A. Investigation of 22MnB5 formability in hot stamping operations[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2006, 177:396-400.

[21]谢辉, 王晨磊,徐伟力. 汽车前立柱下角撑热成形热-力-相变耦合仿真分析[J]. 塑性工程学报, 2014, 21(3):73-77.

Xie H, Wang C L, Xu W L. Thermalmechanicalmetallurgical coupling simulation analysis of automotive front pillar lower gussetshot forming[J]. Journal of Plasticity Engineering, 2014, 21(3): 73-77.

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【加入收藏】