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摘要：
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为实现汽车零部件轻量化、提高模具寿命，针对汽车电子真空泵铝合金防尘围罩冷锻变形过程中的底部“掉圈”和模具高水平受力的情况，采用Deform-3D有限元方法对其成形过程进行了仿真分析，研究了缺陷产生的原因，并对成形工艺和模具结构进行了优化。研究结果表明：铝合金防尘围罩“掉圈”现象产生的原因是由于在成形过程中底部边缘的坯料因弯曲变形最后填充，而在充填过程中金属流动发生相对剪切，导致边缘金属脱落；通过对坯料结构进行优化可有效解决防尘围罩“掉圈”现象；通过降低凹模直壁高度可有效缓解凸模高水平受力的情况，从而提高模具寿命。
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In order to realize the lightweight of auto parts and improve the life of mold, for the situation where the bottom ‘dropping’ and the high level stress of mold during the deformation process of cold forging for aluminum alloy dustproof enclosure of automotive electronic vacuum pump, its forming process was simulated and analyzed by finite element method Deform-3D. Then, the causes of defects were studied, and the forming process and the mold structure were optimized. The results show that the reason for the phenomenon of ‘dropping’ of aluminum alloy dustproof enclosure is that the blank at the edge of bottom is finally filled due to bending deformation during the forming process, and the metal flow is relatively sheared during the filling process to lead to the falling off of metal at the edge. Therefore, the phenomenon of ‘dropping’ for the dustproof enclosure is effectively solved by optimizing the blank structure, and the high level stress of punch is effectively relieved by reducing the straight wall height of die to improve the life of mold.
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基金项目：
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浙江省自然科学基金资助项目（LQ19E050004）
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作者简介：
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林程峰（1986-），男，大专，助理工程师，E-mail：406389946@qq.com；通讯作者：叶能永（1986-），男，工学博士，讲师，E-mail：yny1030@163.com
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