锻压技术

大径厚比非对称5083铝合金弯管充液弯曲成形

英文标题：Hydro-bending of asymmetric 5083 aluminum alloy bent tube with large diameter-thickness ratio

分类号：TG306

出版年,卷(期):页码：2021,46(4):36-43

摘要：

针对大尺寸大径厚比非对称铝合金薄壁弯管弯曲成形过程中的起皱难题，提出了两端仅压板约束、两端固定约束、两端采用封头3种充液弯曲成形方案，通过有限元数值模拟分析了管件的起皱缺陷、壁厚分布以及应力状态，并进行了实验验证。研究表明：采用两端仅压板约束时，压板与管材之间的摩擦力提供的管材轴向拉应力较小，只有当充液内压大于3.6 MPa 时，才能消除起皱缺陷；采用两端固定约束和两端封头时，可在较低充液内压下成形出合格的大径厚比非对称的铝合金弯管件，其原因为：轴向约束与封头均会使管坯内产生轴向拉应力，其平衡了弯曲过程中产生的内侧轴向压应力，从而避免了起皱缺陷的产生。

For the wrinkle problem of asymmetric aluminum alloy thin-walled bent tube with large-size and large diameter-thickness ratio during the bending process, three kinds of hydro-bending schemes were proposed, which were restrained only by pressing plates at both ends of tube, fixed restraint at both ends of tube and closure head used at both ends of tube. Then, the wrinkle defects, wall thickness distribution and stress state of tube were analyzed by finite element numerical simulation, and the verified experiments were carried out. The results show that when the restraint at both ends of tube by pressing plates is used, the axial tensile stress of tube provided by friction between pressure plate and tube is small, and only when the internal pressure is greater than 3.6 MPa, the wrinkle defect can be eliminated. When the fixed restraint and closure head are adopted at both ends of tube, the qualified asymmetric aluminum alloy bent tubes with large diameter-thickness ratio are formed under a lower internal pressure, and the reason is that the axial restraint and the closure head produce axial tensile stress in the tube to balance the inner axial compressive stress generated during the bending process. Thus, the wrinkling defects are avoided.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金资助项目（51975147）

王小松（1977-），男，博士，副教授 E-mail：hitxswang@hit.edu.cn 通讯作者：刘钢（1970-），男，博士，教授 E-mail：gliu@hit.edu.cn

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