锻压技术

基于遗传算法的六连杆机构尺寸优化设计

英文标题：Optimization design on dimension of six-link mechanism based on genetic algorithm

作者：吕明青邵珠峰徐道春王传英彭发忠

分类号：TH112

出版年,卷(期):页码：2022,47(7):184-193

摘要：

为了使压力机具有更好的性能，需要对主传动机构进行尺寸优化设计。构建了一套完整的六连杆传动机构综合优化设计模型，首先建立了运动学与动力学模型，针对机构的运动稳定性、传力性能、位置精度及增力特性4方面进行分析，以滑块速度波动、压力角、侧向力和机构的机械增益为优化性能指标，通过统一量纲和线性加权的方式构造出反映综合性能的多目标优化函数，引入几何、位置以及行程约束，并添加压力机的工作空间和杆件不干涉等约束条件，采用遗传算法完成了多目标优化设计。结果显示：优化后的传动机构在工作阶段的速度波动降低了20.71%，最大侧向力降低了9.34%，最大压力角降低了9.16%，最大机械增益降低了5.52%，有效地提升了压力机的综合锻压性能。

In order to make the press have better performance, the main drive mechanism needs to be optimally designed in terms of dimensions. Therefore, a complete set of comprehensive optimization design model for the six-link drive mechanism was constructed. Firstly, a kinematic and dynamic model was established, and the four aspects of motion stability, force transmission performance, position accuracy and force enhancement characteristics for the mechanism were analysed. Then, taking slider speed fluctuation, pressure angle, lateral force and mechanical gain of mechanism as the optimized performance indicators, the multi-objective optimization function reflecting the comprehensive performance was constructed by unified dimensional and linear weighting approach, and through introducing geometric, position and stroke constraints and adding constraints such as the working space of press and the non-interference of rod, the multi-objective optimization design was completed by the genetic algorithm. The results show that the optimized transmission mechanism reduces the speed fluctuation by 20.71%, reduces the maximum lateral force by 9.34%, and reduces the maximum pressure angle by 9.16%, and reduces the maximum mechanical gain by 5.52% during working stage, which effectively improves the comprehensive forging performance of the press.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金资助项目（U19A20101）

作者简介：吕明青（1996-），男，硕士研究生 E-mail：lvvmq@bjfu.edu.cn 通信作者：邵珠峰（1983-），男，博士，副教授 E-mail：shaozf@tsinghua.edu.cn

参考文献：

[1]彭发忠, 王传英, 柴恒辉, 等. 基于分层结构的伺服压力机滑块轻量化设计 [J]. 清华大学学报:自然科学版, 2020, 60(12):1016-1022.

Peng F Z, Wang C Y, Chai H H, et al. Lightweight slider design for a servo press based on its layered structure [J]. Journal of Tsinghua University: Science and Technology, 2020, 60(12): 1016-1022.

[2]Halicioglu R, Canan Dulger L, Tolga Bozdana A. Modeling, design, and implementation of a servo press for metal-forming application [J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2017, 91(5-8): 2689-2700.

[3]叶柳, 丁武学, 孙宇, 等. 六连杆冷温锻压力机传动机构优化设计 [J]. 锻压技术, 2020, 45(10)：112-116, 136.

Ye L, Ding W X, Sun Y, et al. Optimal design of transmission mechanism for a six-link cold and warm forging press [J]. Forging ＆ Stamping Technology, 2020, 45(10): 112-116, 136.

[4]陈昌铎, 彭二宝, 马建. 六连杆机构锻机传动系统模型建立及其复合形法优化 [J]. 锻压技术, 2021, 46(10): 176-179, 202.

Chen C D, Peng E B, Ma J. Establishment of transmission system model of forging machine with six-linkage mechanism and optimization of compound shape method [J]. Forging & Stamping Technology, 2021, 46(10): 176-179, 202.

[5]宋清玉, 李建, 殷文齐. 基于多目标的机械压力机六连杆机构设计 [J]. 农业机械学报, 2012, 43(4): 225-229, 234.

Song Q Y, Li J, Yin W Q. Mechanical press six-link mechanism design based on multi-objective [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2012, 43(4): 225-229, 234.

[6]Hwang W M, Hwang Y C, Chiou S T. A drag-link drive of mechanical presses for precision drawing [J]. International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, 1995, 35(10):1425-1433.

[7]何予鹏, 邹彩虹, 袁志华, 等. 多连杆机械压力机遗传算法优化设计 [J]. 河南农业大学学报, 2005, 39(4): 453-455.

He Y P, Zou C H, Yuan Z H, et al. Optimization design of multi-bar mechanical press based on genetic algorithm [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural University, 2005, 39(4): 453-455.

[8]周艳华, 谢福贵, 刘辛军. 伺服冲床主传动机构构型及运动学优化设计 [J]. 机械工程学报，2015，51(11)：1-7.

Zhou Y H, Xie F G, Liu X J. Type synthesis and optimization of main driving mechanism for servo-punch press [J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2015, 51(11):1-7.

[9]陈岳云. 多连杆伺服压力机动态性能分析与设计研究[D]. 上海：上海交通大学, 2008.

Chen Y Y. On Dynamic Performance Analysis and Design of a Multi-link Servo Mechanical Press [D]. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2008.

[10]孙建香, 张海兵, 马丽. 温锻压力机肘杆机构的自适应粒子群算法优化[J]. 锻压技术, 2021, 46(2): 173-179.

Sun J X, Zhang H B, Ma L. Optimization on elbow-bar mechanism for warm forging press based on adaptive particle swarm algorithm [J]. Forging & Stamping Technology, 2021, 46(2): 173-179.

[11]王利卿, 张国辉. 机械压力机肘杆结构的高效成长郊狼算法优化 [J]. 锻压技术, 2020, 45(11): 156-161.

Wang L Q, Zhang G H. Optimization on elbow-bar structure of mechanical press based on efficient growth coyote algorithm [J]. Forging & Stamping Technology, 2020, 45(11): 156-161.

[12]杜威, 赵升吨, 金利英. 采用NSGA_Ⅱ多目标优化算法的机械压力机三角形肘杆机构优化设计 [J]. 锻压技术，2018，43(11):77-82.

Du W, Zhao S D, Jin L Y. Optimization design on triangle elbow bar mechanism of mechanical press using NSGA_Ⅱ multi-objective optimization algorithm [J]. Forging ＆ Stamping Technology, 2018, 43(11): 77-82.

[13]张元通, 朱灯林. 机械压力机肘杆传动机构的优化设计 [J]. 机械与电子，2008，(1)：10-12.

Zhang Y T, Zhu D L. Optimization design of mechanical press elbow-bar transfer mechanism [J]. Machinery & Electronics, 2008, (1): 10-12.

[14]赵乾胜. 六连杆机构拉深成形压力机关键技术及虚拟样机 [D]. 秦皇岛：燕山大学，2017.

Zhao Q S. Key Technologies and Virtual Prototypes on Six-link Mechanism Drawing Forming Press [D]. Qinhuangdao: Yanshan University, 2017.

[15]Liu Tung Kuan, Chou Jyh Horng. Applications of intelligent evolutionary algorithms in optimal automation system design [J]. International Journal of Automation and Smart Technology, 2011, 1(1): 21-34.

[16]Zhu H H, Yang J, Lu W H, et al. Research on preference polyhedron model based evolutionary multiobjective optimization method for multilink transmission mechanism conceptual design [J]. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2016, 2016: 1-13.

[17]李烨健, 孙宇, 胡峰峰, 等. 高速机械压力机综合动平衡优化研究 [J]. 华中科技大学学报：自然科学版, 2016, 44(6): 24-28.

Li Y J, Sun Y, Hu F F, et al. Research on synthetic optimum dynamic balancing of high-speed press machine [J]. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology：Natural Science Edition, 2016, 44(6):24-28.

[18]胡建国, 孙友松, 章争荣. 伺服机械压力机非对称双伺服输入工作机构动力学分析 [J]. 塑性工程学报，2020，27(10)：221-227.

Hu J G, Sun Y S, Zhang Z R. Dynamic analysis of asymmetrical working mechanism with two servo-input for mechanical servo press [J]. Journal of Plasticity Engineering, 2020, 27(10): 221-227.

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【加入收藏】