锻压技术

多向锻造对机械轴承用钢组织及性能的影响

英文标题：Influence of multi-directional forging on microstructure and properties for mechanical bearing steel

作者：李成思孟庆辉

分类号：TG376.9

出版年,卷(期):页码：2022,47(11):50-54

摘要：

为了研究多向锻造对GCr18Mo机械轴承用钢组织及性能的影响，分别对未锻造试样、普通锻造试样和多向锻造试样进行了显微组织观察、高温抗氧化性能和高温耐磨损性能的测试与分析。结果表明：与未锻造试样相比，普通锻造试样内部的短条状和颗粒状碳化物明显增多、长条状碳化物明显变少变细；多向锻造试样内部未见明显的长条状和短条状碳化物，仅有大量的颗粒状碳化物。多向锻造对组织细化、组织分布均匀性的改善效果优于普通锻造。与未锻造试样相比，普通锻造试样经500 ℃高温氧化80 h后氧化增重减小了27.5%、500 ℃高温磨损20 min后磨损体积减小了29.1%；多向锻造试样经500 ℃高温氧化80 h后氧化增重减小了66.9%、500 ℃高温磨损20 min后磨损体积减小了63.1%。多向锻造显著细化了GCr18Mo机械轴承用钢的内部组织，明显提高了其高温抗氧化性能和高温耐磨损性能。

To study the influence of multi-directional forging on microstructure and properties of GCr18Mo mechanical bearing steel, the microstructure, high temperature oxidation resistance and high temperature wear resistance of unforged specimens, ordinary forged specimens and multi-directional forged specimens were tested and analyzed respectively. The results show that compared with the unforged specimens, the short strip and granular carbides in the ordinary forged specimen are obviously increased, and the long strip carbides are obviously reduced and refined, while there are no obvious long strip and short strip carbides in the multi-directional forged specimens, only a large number of granular carbides. The improvement effect of multi-directional forging on microstructure refinement and microstructure distribution uniformity is better than that of ordinary forging. Compared with unforged specimens, the oxidation weight gain of ordinary forged specimens after high temperature oxidation at 500 ℃ for 80 h decreases by 27.5%, and the wear volume decreases by 29.1% after high temperature wear at 500 ℃ for 20 min, while the oxidation weight gain of multi-directional forged specimens after high temperature oxidation at 500 ℃ for 80 h decreases by 66.9%, and the wear volume after high temperature wear at 500 ℃ for 20 min decreases by 63.1%. Thus, the multi-directional forging significantly refines the internal structure of GCr18Mo mechanical bearing steel and significantly improves its high temperature oxidation resistance and high temperature wear resistance.

基金项目：

2018年河南省科技发展计划（182102210266）

作者简介：李成思（1989- ），男，硕士，讲师，E-mail：louzifan560975127@163.com

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