锻压技术

细长变截面非轴对称工件模锻模具优化设计

英文标题：Optimization design of die forging mold for slender non-axisymmetric workpiece with variable cross section

单位：武汉科技大学

分类号：TG316.3

出版年,卷(期):页码：2022,47(10):229-235

摘要：

提出采用辊锻后模锻工艺生产细长变截面非轴对称剑条，并采用有限元法分析剑条的模锻过程。以剑条最复杂截面的模锻过程为研究对象，对比了一道次模锻成形和两道次模锻成形过程中金属材料的流动规律。结果表明：一道次模锻成形过程中,金属材料变形量大且分布不均匀，最大等效应变区域的最大主应力为拉应力，该区域易产生裂纹；预锻和终锻两道次成形后,锻件截面最大等效应变和等效应变的标准差均较大幅度降低。通过正交实验对预锻模具结构开展优化，结果表明，上模凹槽深度对锻件横截面等效应变分布的影响最为显著。与一道次模锻成形相比，预锻模具优化后二道次成形锻件的最大等效应变和等效应变的标准差均显著降低。将上述优化方法用于剑条模锻模具其他截面的设计，制造出了满足实际生产需求的模锻模具。

The process of die forging after roll forging was proposed to produce slender non-axisymmetric sword strips with variable cross section, and the die forging process of sword strips was analyzed by finite element method. Then, for the die forging process of the most complex cross section of sword strips, the metal flow laws in the processes of one-pass die forging and two-pass die forging were compared. The results show that the metal deformation is large and unevenly distributed during the one-pass die forging process, and the maximum principal stress in the maximum equivalent strain region is tensile stress, which is prone to cracks. The maximum equivalent strain and its standard deviation for the cross section of the forgings are greatly reduced after pre-forging and finish forging, and the structure of pre-forging mold was optimized by the orthogonal experiment. The results show that the groove depth of upper mold has the most significant effect on the equivalent strain distribution for the cross section of the forgings. Compared with the one-pass die forging, the maximum equivalent strain and its standard deviation of the two-pass forming forgings after the optimization of pre-forging mold are significantly reduced. The above optimization method is used for the design on the other cross sections of die forging mold for sword strips, and the die forging mold that meets the actual production needs is designed and manufactured.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目（51701145）

余归城（1997-），男，硕士研究生，E-mail：guicheng@wust.edu.cn；通信作者：阮金华（1985-），男，博士，副教授，E-mail：Ruan_Jinhua@wust.edu.cn

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