锻压技术

基于有限元模拟的汽车专用异形螺母冷镦缺陷分析与改进

英文标题：Analysis and improvement on cold heading defect of special-shaped nuts for automobile based on finite element simulation

作者：闫培泽

单位：濮阳职业技术学院机电与汽车工程学院

关键词：异形螺母多工位冷镦材料折叠模具结构 Deform软件

分类号：TG376

出版年,卷(期):页码：2022,47(12):21-26

摘要：

针对汽车专用异形螺母在多工位冷镦生产中出现的局部材料折叠问题，提出了采用Deform软件对异形螺母进行成形仿真。由各工位零件的检验结果可知，折叠缺陷最先出现在薄壁成形工位，并对其进行有限元分析验证，结果表明：折叠缺陷是由于模具结构设计不当而引起材料对流造成的。首先，根据原方案的材料流动规律对模具结构提出了改进方案，解决了材料折叠问题；同时，为确保整个成形工艺的可靠性，对后续工位的模具结构进行了改进和模拟验证。最后，基于模拟结果对改进后的模具进行了制造，并通过多工位冷镦机进行了试模加工。结果显示，薄壁成形工位及后续工位均未出现折叠缺陷，与仿真结果相符，这表明有限元技术能准确预测工艺缺陷，有效解决企业的实际难题。

For the local material folding problem of special-shaped nuts for automobile in the multi-station cold heading production, the forming of special-shaped nuts was simulated by software Deform. According to the inspection results of parts at each station, the folding defects first appeared at the thin-wall forming station, which was verified by finite element analysis. The results show that the folding defects are caused by material convection due to improper die structure design. Firstly, according to the material flow law of the original scheme, an improvement scheme of die structure was proposed to solve the problem of material folding. At the same time, in order to ensure the reliability of the entire forming process, the die structures of the subsequent stations was improved, and the simulation verification has been carried out. Finally, the improved die was manufactured based on the simulation results, and the trial die produce was processed by the multi-station cold heading machine. The results show that there are no folding defects in the thin-wall forming station and the subsequent stations, which is consistent with the simulation results, indicating that the finite element technology can accurately predict the process defects and effectively solve the actual problems of enterprises.

基金项目：

濮阳职业技术学院校级科研课题（2021PZYKYA12）

闫培泽（1974-），男，硕士，副教授 E-mail：yanpz74@163.com

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