锻压技术

超高强度钢大型深盲孔锻件拔长工艺仿真

英文标题：Simulation on drawing process of large deep blind hole forgings for ultra-high strength steel

单位：1. 钢铁研究总院有限公司特殊钢研究所 2.大冶特殊钢有限公司特冶产品研究所 3.中国兵器工业集团航空弹药研究院有限公司 4. 武汉重工铸锻有限责任公司技术中心

分类号：TG316.2

出版年,卷(期):页码：2023,48(7):50-56

摘要：

超高强度钢大型深盲孔锻件在芯轴拔长过程中采用单一压下率和连续45°翻转工艺，锻件头部的实心锻透性及整体均匀性较差。通过DEFORM3D有限元模拟和分析，确定了头、尾部变形角与压下率的关系，制定了压下率为8%、10%和45°、60°新翻转工艺的不同组合的对比实验。结果表明：深盲孔锻件头部采用10%压下率与60°翻转的组合工艺，可改善锻件头部的锻透性及变形均匀性；尾部采用8%压下率与45°翻转的组合工艺，能够有效地控制尾部内孔畸变率并保证变形均匀性。在此基础上，合理设计头部锥度，可使头部变形量达到与尾部相当的水平，进一步提升头部的锻透性，完成近终成形。研究结果在工业化试制中得到了应用和验证，采用新工艺成形的大型深盲孔锻件的头尾性能均匀性明显改善。

For the large deep blind hole forgings of ultra-high strength steel, a single reduction rate and continuous 45° turning process is adopted in the mandrel drawing process, and the solid forging penetration and overall uniformity of the forgings head are poor. Therefore, the relationship between the deformation angle of head and tail and the reduction rate was determined by DEFORM-3D finite element simulation and analysis, and the comparative experiments of different combinations for the reduction rate (8%, 10%) and the new turning process (45°, 60°) were formulated. Results show that the combination process of the reduction rate of 10% and the turning process of 60° improves the forging penetration efficiency and the deformation uniformity of the forgings head, while the combination process of the reduction rate of 8% and the turning process of 45° effectively controls the distortion rate of inner hole in the tail and ensures the uniformity of deformation. Based on this, the rational design of head taper makes the deformation amount of head reach the same level as that of tail, further improves the forging penetration efficiency of head and completes the near-end-forming. Thus, the research results are applied and verified in the industrial trial production, and the performance uniformity of head and tail for the large deep blind hole forgings formed by the new process is significantly improved.

基金项目：

作者简介：宁静(1988-)，女，硕士，高级工程师 E-mail：ningjing@nercast.com 通信简介：苏杰(1965-)，男，博士，正高级工程师 E-mail：sujie@nercast.com

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