锻压技术

激光选区熔化WC 12Co复合材料温度场模拟研究

英文标题：Simulation study on temperature field for WC 12Co composite material by selective laser melting

作者：谢英星姜无疾吴升富

单位：中山职业技术学院

分类号：TH142；TG146

出版年,卷(期):页码：2023,48(9):130-141

摘要：

为提高激光选区熔化WC 12Co硬质复合材料的成形质量，采用有限元仿真软件Ansys 2021R1对SLM成形WC 12Co硬质复合材料过程的温度场进行数值模拟仿真研究，研究成形温度场的温度分布和成形工艺参数（激光功率、扫描速度、扫描间距和基板预热温度）对温度场的影响，为优化WC 12Co硬质复合材料成形提供试验依据。结果表明：激光功率增大，成形区域温度增大，位置点3的峰值温度从3507.47 ℃增大至3837.52 ℃；激光扫描速度增大，成形区域温度降低，位置点5的峰值温度从3592 ℃下降至2897 ℃，峰值温度下降695 ℃；扫描间距的增加使各扫描区域的温度有所降低，位置点3的峰值温度从3330 ℃逐渐降低至3123 ℃。在同一成形工艺参数下，激光扫描前一路径对后一路径有预热作用，随着扫描路径的增加，成形区域的温度呈现逐渐上升趋势。基板预热至120 ℃能够提高熔池的内部温度，减小成形件之间的温度差异，缩小温度梯度差。当激光功率增大时，熔池的宽度和深度随之增大；当激光扫描速度增大时，熔池的宽度先增大后减小，熔池的深度线性反向减小；当扫描间距增大时，熔池的宽度和深度均减小。模拟获得的温度场仿真结论能够大致反映成形试样的表面质量和合金粉末的熔化状态随成形工艺参数变化的趋势。

To improve the forming quality of WC 12Co hard composites material by selective laser melting (SLM), the numerical simulation study of the temperature field in the forming process of WC 12Co hard composites material by SLM was conducted by finite element simulation software Ansys 2021R1, and the temperature distribution in the forming temperature field and the influences of forming process parameters (laser power, scanning speed, scanning spacing and substrate preheating temperature) on the temperature field were studied, which provided experimental basis for optimizing the forming of WC 12Co hard composite material. The results show that with the increasing of laser power, the temperature of forming area increases, and the peak temperature of position point 3 increases from 3507.47 ℃ to 3837.52 ℃. With the increasing of laser scanning speed, the temperature of forming area decreases, the peak temperature of position point 5 decreases from 3592 ℃ to 2897 ℃, and the peak temperature decreases by 695 ℃. With the increasing of scanning spacing, the temperature of each scanning area decreases, and the peak temperature of position point 3 gradually decreases from 3330 ℃ to 3123 ℃. Under the same forming process parameters, the former path of laser scanning has a pre-heating effect on the latter path, and with the increasing of scanning path, the temperature of forming area shows a gradual upward trend. Pre-heating the substrate to 120 ℃ can increase the internal temperature of molten pool, reduce the temperature difference between the formed parts, and reduce the temperature gradient difference. When the laser power increases, the width and depth of molten pool increase, and when the laser scanning speed increases, the width of molten pool first increases and then decreases, and the depth of molten pool decreases linearly and reversely. With the increasing of scanning spacing, both the width and depth of molten pool decrease. The temperature field simulation conclusion obtained by simulation can roughly reflect the change trend of the surface quality of formed samples and the melting state of alloy powder with the forming process parameters.

基金项目：

广东省自然科学基金面上项目（2020A151501806）；广东省普通高校特色创新类项目（2019GKTSCX105，2021KTSCX310）；中山职业技术学院高层次人才科研项目（KYG2105）

谢英星(1982-)，男，博士，副教授 E-mail：36596530@qq.com

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