锻压技术

汽车座椅对称件冲压成形仿真设计及优化

英文标题：Simulation design and optimization on stamping of symmetrical parts for automobile seats

作者：任维泽段绪星林益文雷鹏英裴泽宇

单位：中国核动力研究设计院

分类号：TH162

出版年,卷(期):页码：2024,49(1):75-80

摘要：

为了解决高强度钢作为汽车零件材料在冲压成形过程中存在的成形缺陷，以某品牌汽车座椅的调角器边板为例，针对其几何结构和对称件的特征进行了冲压工艺流程设计及优化、零件成形精度优化。首先，确定零件的冲压工序，根据其结构特点将冲孔工序的工作内容与其他工序合并，合理减少总工序数，并一次对两个零件同时进行冲压，优化后的冲压工艺流程为：落料、拉深、修边、翻边。然后，通过调整压边力、摩擦因数和拉深模具间隙3个工艺参数对零件的成形精度进行优化，降低其回弹量，使零件满足实际尺寸精度要求，优化后的工艺参数组合为压边力为33 kN、摩擦因数为0.13、拉深模具间隙为2.70 mm，仿真结果中零件的最大回弹量为1.264 mm。最后，进行样件试冲，零件实际的最大回弹量为1.270 mm，与仿真结果基本一致，验证了仿真结果的有效性。

In order to solve the forming defects in the stamping process of high-strength steel as the material of automobile part, for the side panel of angle adjuster for automobile seat of a certain brand, according to its geometric structure and the characteristics of symmetrical parts, the design and optimization on the stamping process flow and the optimization of part forming accuracy were carried out. First, the stamping process of parts is determined, the work content of punching process is merged with other processes according to its structural characteristics so as to reduce the total number of processes reasonably and complete the stamping of two parts simultaneously and the optimized stamping process is blanking, deep drawing, trimming and flanging. Then, the forming accuracy of part is optimized by adjusting blank holder force, friction coefficient and deep drawing die clearance to reduce its springback amount and make the part meet the actual dimensional accuracy requirements. The optimized combination of process parameters is that the blank holder force is 33 kN, the friction coefficient is 0.13 and the deep drawing die clearance is 2.70 mm, and the maximum springback amount of part in the simulation results is 1.264 mm. Finally, the test stamping of sample shows that the actual maximum springback amount of part is 1.270 mm, which is basically consistent with the simulation results and verifies the validity of the simulation results.

基金项目：

作者简介：任维泽（1995-），男，硕士，研究实习员 E-mail：renwz7@163.com 通信作者：段绪星（1995-），男，硕士，助理研究员 E-mail：xxing_duan@163.com

参考文献：

[1] 兰博. 汽车铝合金覆盖件冲压成形数值模拟研究[D]. 长春：吉林大学,2015.

Lan B. Numerical Simulation Study on Stamping and Forming of Automotive Aluminum Alloy Coverings[D]. Changchun: Jilin University，2015.

[2] 武万斌,年雪山.汽车轻量化技术发展趋势[J].汽车工程师,2017,(1):15-17.

Wu W B，Nian X S. Development trend of automotive lightweighting technology[J]. Automotive Engineer，2017，(1): 15-17.

[3] 郑欣,王祝堂.国外汽车车体轻量化研发进展[J].轻合金加工技术,2017,45(3):1-5.

Zheng X，Wang Z T. Progress of foreign automotive body lightweighting R&D [J]. Light Alloy Processing Technology，2017，45(3):1-5.

[4] Kim Y J，Lee D H. Technology convergence on automotive lightweight materials: Evidence from South Korea[J]. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management，2023，35(3): 1973666.

[5] Wang B，Zhang Z Y，Xu G C，et al. Wrought and cast aluminum flows in China in the context of electric vehicle diffusion and automotive lightweighting [J]. Resources，Conservation & Recycling，2023，191: 106877.

[6] 孙风蔚,孔祥学,程志雄,等.顶盖横梁的结构优化设计[J].汽车制造业,2020,654(5):36-37.

Sun F W，Kong X X，Cheng Z X，et al. Structural optimization design of top cover crossbeam[J]. Automotive Manufacturing，2020，654(5):36-37.

[7] 王俊楠. 新能源客车车身的结构优化[D].沈阳：沈阳工业大学,2022.

Wang J N. Structural Optimization of New Energy Bus Body [D]. Shenyang: Shenyang University of Technology，2022.

[8] 宋开跃. 汽车中地板加强板全工序冲压成形数值模拟[D].长春：吉林大学,2016.

Song K Y. Numerical Simulation of Full-process Stamping and Forming of Automotive Mid-floor Reinforcement Plate[D]. Changchun: Jilin University,2016.

[9] 刘玉山,赵明,郑飞.应用反拉伸及刺破有效解决后背门内板起皱及开裂问题[J].模具制造,2018,18(10):5-9.

Liu Y S，Zhao M，Zheng F. Application of counter stretching and piercing to effectively solve the problem of wrinkling and cracking of the inner panel of the back door[J]. Mold Manufacturing，2018，18(10): 5-9.

[10]刘丽莉,李丽芳,郭杰.电动汽车分片式前翼子板冲压工艺分析[J].锻造与冲压,2022,(10):21-25.

Liu L L，Li L F，Guo J. Analysis of stamping process of split front wing panel for electric vehicles[J]. Forging & Metalforming，2022，(10):21-25.

[11]徐浩. 汽车后纵延伸梁冲压成形工艺优化设计[D].镇江：江苏大学,2020.

Xu H. Optimization Design of Stamping and Forming Process for Rear Longitudinal Extension Beam of Automobile[D]. Zhenjiang: Jiangsu University，2020.

[12]金共志. 高强钢复杂车身覆盖件模具型面设计与优化研究[D]. 镇江：江苏大学,2019.

Jin G Z. Research on the Design and Optimization of Complex Body Coverings Mold Surface of High Strength Steel[D]. Zhenjiang: Jiangsu University，2019.

[13]管幸寰.关于补偿回弹的冲压件模具设计方法的探讨[J].中国设备工程,2018,(4):106-107.

Guan X H. Exploration on the design method of stamping parts die with compensated rebound[J]. China Equipment Engineering，2018，(4):106-107.

[14]王天武. 汽车后背门空气弹簧加强板冲压成形工艺及参数优化研究[D]. 吉林:东北电力大学,2022.

Wang T W. Study on Stamping and Forming Process and Parameter Optimization of Air Spring Reinforcement Plate for Automotive Back Doors[D]. Jilin: Northeastern Electric Power University，2022.

[15]王淑芬,胡文文,李玉光,等.汽车座椅骨架的拓扑优化研究[J].机电工程,2014,31(9):1149-1153.

Wang S F，Hu W W，Li Y G，et al. Topology optimization study of automotive seat skeleton[J]. Mechatronic Engineering，2014，31(9): 1149-1153.

[16]肖红波,蔡浩华.轿车侧围外板冲压成形工艺优化[J].模具工业,2017,43(8):28-30.

Xiao H B，Cai H H. Optimization of stamping and forming process for car side surround outer plate[J]. Mould Industry，2017，43(8):28-30.

[17]汤云翔. 汽车大型外覆盖件冲压拉延成形仿真与冲压工艺参数优化技术研究[D].镇江：浙江大学,2022.

Tang Y X. Simulation and Optimization of Stamping Process Parameters for Stamping and Drawing Forming of Large Outer Covering Parts of Automobiles[D]. Zhenjiang: Zhejiang University，2022.

[18]Jisik C，Jinwoo L，Myoung-Gyu L，et al. Advanced constitutive modeling of AHSS sheets for application to springback prediction after U-draw double stamping process[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series，2016，734(3): 032029.

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【加入收藏】