锻压技术

季节温度对汽车铝板冲压成形性的影响

英文标题：

单位：（1.宁波杭州湾吉利汽车部件有限公司浙江宁波 315300 2.中铝瑞闽股份有限公司福建福州 350015 3.中铝材料应用研究院有限公司北京 102209）

分类号：TH181；TH186；TG386

出版年,卷(期):页码：2024,49(2):98-106

摘要：

为解决汽车铝板零件在夏季批量生产过程中的开裂缩颈问题，提升汽车铝板的成形稳定性，研究了季节温度对铝板拉延成形性的影响，通过对比分析铝板在冬季与夏季的力学性能以及汽车铝板表面原厂润滑油的粘度随季节温度的变化对铝板成形性的影响，得到了铝板表面原厂润滑油在冬季和夏季的涂油量的最佳参数。研究发现：夏季铝板表面原厂润滑油的粘度较冬季明显降低，且经过清洗机清洗后铝板表面原厂油膜残油量较冬季减少，且与冲压清洗油组成的混合油膜的粘度降低，致使铝板在拉延过程中与模具表面的摩擦因数增加，导致铝板在夏季的成形性变差。因此,夏季时适当提高铝板表面原厂润滑油的涂油量可明显降低板料表面的摩擦因数，有效提升夏季铝板成形性，消除开裂缩颈问题。

In order to solve the cracking and necking problems of automobile aluminum sheet parts during the mass production process in summer and improve the forming stability of automotive aluminum sheets, the influence of seasonal temperature on the drawing formability of aluminum sheets was studied, and by comparing and analyzing the mechanical properties of aluminum sheets in winter and summer and the influence of the viscosity of original lubricating oil on the surface of automative aluminum sheets with the change of seasonal temperature on the formability of aluminum sheets in winter and summer, the optimal parameters for the amount of original lubricating oil applied on the surface of aluminum sheets in winter and summer were determined. The results show that the viscosity of original lubricating oil on the surface of aluminum sheets in summer is significantly lower than that in winter, and the amount of residual oil for the original oil film on the surface of the sheet after cleaning by the cleaning machine is less than that in winter. The viscosity of mixed oil film composed of stamping cleaning oil decreases, resulting in an increase in the friction factor between aluminum sheet and die surface during the drawing process and the poor formability of aluminum sheet in summer. Thus, increasing the amount of original lubricating oil on the surface of aluminum sheets in summer can significantly reduce the friction factor on the surface of sheets, effectively improve the formability of aluminum sheets in summer and eliminate the cracking and necking problems.

基金项目：

毛相震（1987-），男，硕士，工程师

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