锻压技术

5A06铝合金锥形壳体挤压成形工艺研究与试验验证挤压与拉拔

英文标题：Research and experimental verification on extrusion forming process of 5A06 alminum alloy conical shell

作者：付敏敏1 2 亢涛涛1 王强2 张曼曼1 2 王文珂3 刘浩1 2 史月龙1 车景宾1 2

单位：1. 首都航天机械有限公司 2. 天津航天长征技术装备有限公司 3. 哈工大（威海）创新创业园有限责任公司

分类号：TG316.2

出版年,卷(期):页码：2024,49(6):126-133

摘要：

某5A06铝合金锥形壳体锻件采用自由锻后整体机加工成形，存在材料利用率低、生产周期长、生产成本高、质量一致性差等问题，难以满足批量生产需求。针对以上问题，提出热挤压成形工艺方案，直接成形出近零件状锻件。并采用Deform-3D软件模拟挤压成形过程，从等效应力、内部网格流线图、温度场以及载荷分布等方面分析了成形过程和成形质量，最后，开展了工艺试验进行验证。结果表明：采用热挤压成形工艺方案可以成形出外观质量良好、内部质量无缺陷，力学性能和高低倍组织满足验收要求的锻件，验证了工艺方案的可行性。与自由锻方案相比，采用挤压成形后，材料利用率提升1倍，生产效率提高6倍，单件生产成本可节约2万余元。

A certain 5A06 aluminum alloy conical shell forgings is formed by free forging and then machined as a whole, which results in low material utilization rate, long production cycle, high production cost and poor consistency in quality, and it is difficult to meet batch production requirements. In view of the above problems, a hot extrusion forming process scheme was presented, and the forgings close to the shape of parts were formed directly. Then, the extrusion forming process was simulated by software Deform-3D, and the forming process and quality were analyzed by equivalent stress, internal grid streamline diagram, temperature field and load distribution. Finally, the process experiments were also conducted to verify. The results show that the hot extrusion forming process scheme can produce the forgings with good appearance quality and defect-free internal quality, and the mechanical properties and high and low magnification structures can meet the acceptance requirements, which verifies the feasibility of the process scheme. Compared with the free forging scheme, the material utilization rate is doubled, the production efficiency is increased by six times, and the production cost of per piece can be saved by more than 20000 yuan by using extrusion forming.

基金项目：

山东省重点研发计划（2023CXPT066）

作者简介：付敏敏（1986-），男，学士，工程师,E-mail：fuminmin18@126.com;通信作者：刘浩（1989-），男，硕士，高级工程师,E-mail：liuh4_530@163.com

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