The double-pass hot deformation experiments and microstructural analysis of TC18 titanium alloy were carried out by thermal simulator Gleeble-3500D and electron back scatter diffraction technology, and the influence of parameters for double-pass hot deformation on the microstructure and texture evolution laws of TC18 titanium alloy were studied in details. The results indicate that the double-pass deformation process parameters significantly affect the microstructure and texture distribution. As the inter-pass holding time increases, some meta-dynamic recrystallization grains precipitate near the grain boundaries of original β phases, resulting in increasing of dynamic recrystallization fraction. Increasing the temperature and decreasing the strain rate are beneficial for further improving the recrystallization fraction of alloy, and its grain size is refined. The grain refinement process is influenced by DRX, while the softening mechanisms are DRV and DRX. The textures in the alloy are mainly composed of compression fiber, {012}<100> and Cubic textures.