锻压技术

NOS525钢旋转平双耳热锻模具失效分析及热处理工艺优化

英文标题：Failure analysis and heat treatment process optimization of rotary flat binaural hot forging die for NOS525 steel

单位：1.宝鸡保德利电气设备有限责任公司 2. 北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院

分类号：TG315.2

出版年,卷(期):页码：2024,49(8):174-183

摘要：

为解决某NOS525钢旋转平双耳热锻模具塌陷失效问题，结合其失效形式及部位，对所取试样的材料成分、硬度和金相组织、拉伸及冲击力学性能等进行了研究；同时，借助Deform-3D软件对锻造过程进行仿真；最后，结合失效形式及失效原因对该材料热处理工艺进行优化。试验和仿真结果表明，模具材料成分异常，且存在淬火过热和回火不充分现象，造成马氏体粗大，且有较多奥氏体残留，导致模具材料的强度、韧性、硬度不足，此外，在锻造过程中模具的高应力和高温集中区域与模具失效部位相吻合，最终，导致模具表面过早发生塌陷与龟裂失效。热处理优化后最终得到的最佳热处理温度为淬火温度为1090 ℃，三次回火温度分别为560、570和570 ℃，使材料的力学性能得到了显著提升。

To solve the problem of collapse failure for a NOS525 steel rotary flat binaural hot forging die, the material composition, hardness, metallographic organization, tensile properties and impact mechanical properties of the taken specimens were studied by combining the failure forms and parts. At the same time, the forging process was simulated by software Deform-3D. Finally, the heat treatment process of the material was optimized by combining the failure forms and the causes of failure. The experimental and simulation results show that the composition of die material is abnormal, and there are quenching overheating and tempering insufficiency phenomena, resulting in coarse martensite and more austenite residue, which leads to insufficient strength, toughness and hardness of die material. In addition, the high stress and temperature concentration area of the die in the forging process coincides with the failure part of the die, which leads to premature collapse and cracking failure of the die surface,finally. Thus, after heat treatment optimization, the best heat treatment temperature are the quenching temperature of 1090 ℃, and three tempering temperatures of 560, 570 and 570 ℃, respectively, which improves the mechanical properties of the material,significantly.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金面上项目（52372345）

作者简介：韩宝峰（1980-），男，学士，教授级高级工程师 E-mail：44754743@qq.com 通信作者：杨智勇（1975-），男，博士，教授 E-mail：zhyyang@bjtu.edu.cn

参考文献：

[1]Emamverdian A A, Sun Y, Cao C, et al. Current failure mechanisms and treatment methods of hot forging tools (dies)-A review[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2021, 129: 105678.

[2]王静,杨青.影响模具寿命的因素[J].南方农机,2018,49(14):8，16.

Wang J, Yang Q. Factors affecting mold life[J]. South Agricultural Machinery, 2018,49(14):8，16.

[3]金双峰,丁宝平,程鹏,等.风电双头螺柱失效分析[J].金属热处理,2019,44(S1):111-114.

Jin S F, Ding B P, Cheng P,et al. Faliure analysis of wind power studs [J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2019, 44(S1):111-114.

[4]黄如君,张梅.汽车轮毂轴承的断裂失效分析[J].铸造技术,2016,37(10):2115-2118.

Huang R J, Zhang M. Fracture failure analysis of automobile wheel bearing[J]. Foundry Technology,2016,37(10):2115-2118.

[5]谢俊堂,郭联金,金林奎,等.SLD钢模具失效原因分析[J].热处理技术与装备,2019,40(2):9-14.

Xie J T, Guo L J, Jin L K,et al. Failure analysis of SLD steel mold[J]. Heat Treatment Technology and Equipment,2019,40(2):9-14.

[6]孙维连,王成彪.3Cr2W8V钢热锻模具淬火开裂原因分析[J].金属热处理,2003,28(6):52-54.

Sun W L, Wang C B. Analysis on the quenching-cracking for hot-forging die made of 3Cr2W8V steel [J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2003,28(6): 52-54.

[7]Zhang Q, Wu X L, Yang X X, et al. Failure analysis of steel ball in the brake operating cylinder of heavy launch vehicle[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2016, 60: 353-362.

[8]张继方,晋会杰,徐颖若.齿轮温锻模具磨损失效分析[J].锻压技术,2022,47(5):38-44.

Zhang J F, Jin H J, Xu Y R. Analysis on wear failure of warm forging die for gear [J]. Forging & Stamping Technology,2022,47(5):38-44.

[9]王汉,李亨,徐凡凡,等.H13热作模具钢失效分析及工艺改进[J].模具工业,2021,47(6):59-62.

Wang H, Li H, Xu F F, et al. Failure analysis and process improvement of H13 hot-working die steel [J]. Die & Mould Industry,2021,47(6):59-62.

[10]Peng Y, Xue S, Yang T, et al. Failure analysis of 316L stainless steel bellows serving in steam tube[J]. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 2022, 199: 104718.

[11]李蕙宇，刘子知，张泉达，等. 后防撞梁外板的超高强钢热成形工艺[J]. 锻压技术，2023，48(1)：90-95.

Li H Y，Liu Z Z，Zhang Q D，et al. Thermoforming process on ultra-high strength steel for outer panel of rearanti-collision beam [J]. Forging & Stamping Technology，2023，48(1)：90-95.

[12]马瑞,陈希春,金林奎,等.NOS525钢热锻模具早期开裂失效分析[J].锻压技术,2020,45(4):170-176.

Ma R, Chen X C, Jin L K, et al. Failure analysis on early cracking of hot forging mold for NOS525 steel [J]. Forging & Stamping Technology,2020,45(4):170-176.

[13]GB/T 230.1—2018, 金属材料洛氏硬度试验第1部分: 试验方法[S].

GB/T 230.1—2018, Metallic materials—Rockwell hardness test—Part 1：Test method[S].

[14]GB/T 228.1—2021, 金属材料拉伸试验第1部分:室温试验方法[S].

GB/T 228.1—2021, Metallic materials—Tensile testing—Part 1: Method of test at room temperature[S].

[15]王树奇,崔向红.热锻模具的韧性要求[J].中国机械工程,2004(8):90-93.

Wang S Q, Cui X H. Toughness requirements of hot forging molds[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2004(8):90-93.

[16]GB/T 229—2020, 金属材料夏比摆锤冲击试验方法[S].

GB/T 229—2020, Metallic materials—Charpy pendulum impact test method[S].

[17]卜莹,冯倩.某机电设备主轴断裂断口分析[J].科技资讯,2017,15(5):97-98，100.

Bu Y, Feng Q. Analysis of fracture breakage fracture of spindle of an electromechanical equipment[J]. Science and Technology Information,2017,15(5):97-98，100.

[18]GB/T 14979—1994, 钢的共晶碳化物不均匀度评定法[S].

GB/T 14979—1994, Eutectic carbide of steel—Micrographic method using standard diagrams[S].

[19]李炯辉, 林德成. 金属材料金相图谱[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2006.

Li T H, Lin D C. Metallographic Atlas of Metallic Materials [M]. Beijing: China Machine Press, 2006.

[20]JB/T 8420—2008, 热作模具钢显微组织评级[S].

JB/T 8420—2008, Microstructure grading of hat die steel [S].

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【加入收藏】