锻压技术

退火温度对6016铝合金板材组织和性能的影响

英文标题：Effect of annealing temperature on microstructure and properties of 6016 aluminum alloy sheet

分类号：TG230.2

出版年,卷(期):页码：2024,49(11):175-181

摘要：

以6016铝合金冷轧板材为研究对象，分别在100、200、300、350、400和500 ℃下进行退火处理，研究退火温度对6016铝合金的硬度和电导率的影响，并分析试样的微观组织，以得到6016铝合金冷轧板材退火的最佳工艺。结果表明：当退火温度为100和200 ℃时，材料的显微组织无变化，仍为轧制形成的伸长的纤维状冷轧组织，但晶粒内部的空位和位错已经发生变化，硬度和电导率较轧制状态发生了变化；当退火温度为300 ℃时，材料开始发生再结晶，晶界处形成亚晶，硬度继续下降，电导率值达到最高；当退火温度为350 ℃时，板材组织已完全再结晶，显微组织为均匀的再结晶组织，合金的硬度降到最低。综合分析结果表明：在350 ℃保温2 h为较为理想的退火工艺。

For 6016 aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet, the annealing treatment was conducted at 100, 200, 300, 350, 400 and 500 ℃, respectively, and the influences of annealing temperature on the hardness and electrical conductivity of 6016 aluminum alloy were studied. Then, the microstructure of sample was analyzed to obtain the optimal annealing process for 6016 aluminum alloy cold-rolled sheet. The results show that when the annealing temperatures are 100 and 200 ℃, the microstructure of material does not change and remains as the elongated fibrous cold-rolled structure formed in rolling, but the vacancies and dislocations inside the grains change, and the hardness and electrical conductivity change compared to the rolled state. When the annealing temperature is 300 ℃, the recrystallization of material begins,the subgrains are formed at the grain boundaries, the hardness continues to decrease, and the electrical conductivity value reaches the highest. When the annealing temperature is 350 ℃, the complete recrystallization of microstructure in sheet has been completed, the microstructure is a uniform recrystallized structure, and the hardness of alloy is reduced to the minimum. Thus, the results of comprehensive analysis show that the heat treatment at 350 ℃ for 2 h is an ideal annealing process.

基金项目：

作者简介：王丹（1985-），女，学士，工程师 E-mail：358975646@qq.com

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